3.1 – Notes Properties of Matter

I. Properties of Matter A. Substances Definition of substance: material with a definite composition; uniform throughout; same everywhere; unchanging  

B. Physical properties of matter 1. Definition of a physical property - property that can be observed without altering the substance    2. Extensive and intensive properties Extensive – dependent on the amount of substance present; Intensive – independent of amount of substance present; often used to identify a substance

So Intense they never change!!!

3. Examples of physical properties: malleability (I) (can be shaped or formed); ductility (I) (can be drawn into thin wires); MP/BP/FP (I); conductivity (I); solvation (I); mass (E); volume (E); density (I); temperature (I); heat content (E);

C. Chemical properties of matter 1. Definition of a chemical property property that can only be observed by altering the substance   2. Examples of chemical properties Flammability caustic/corrosive – skin irritant gradual decomposition of a substance; reaction with acid; reaction with water vapor;

D. Observing properties of matter Do conditions matter? Most definitely! Certain properties are dependent on the surroundings. For example, boiling point is dependent on atmospheric pressure, so the BP of water will be slightly different in Denver where the atm. pressure is lower than here in Centerville.

2. Liquids indefinite shape – can “pour”/ flows; definite volume E. States of matter 1. Solids definite shape; definite volume; amorphous/crystalline; tightly packed particles make the solid incompressible 2. Liquids indefinite shape – can “pour”/ flows; definite volume 3. Gases indefinite shape – can “pour” ; indefinite volume - can be compressed Vapor - name given to gaseous state of a substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature; water and iodine