Labour market integration and social inclusion Manuela Geleng Unit C1 – Social Investment Strategy Refugee Taskforce European Commission, DG EMPL 12 October 2016, Brussels

People migrate to the EU for different reasons (15-64) Distribution of non-EU-born migrants by reason for migration at EU level, 15-64, 2008 and 2014 Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module

Low labour market performance, especially for refugees (EU-25*) Labour market outcomes Low labour market performance, especially for refugees (EU-25*) Refugees' employment rate is way below 60%, for women it is just around 40%. Unemployment rate is almost double the one seen for natives. Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module

Employment rate (Total) Labour market outcomes And even lower for women, especially for refugees Main reason Employment rate (Total) Women Men Family 53% 45% 65% Refugees 56% 62% Employment 73% 71% 74% Study 57% 66% TOTAL non-EU born 59% 51% 68% Native born 60% 70% Labour market outcomes of refugees and other non-EU born by gender and level of education, 15-64, 2014, covers 25 countries Refugees' employment rate is just around 40%. Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module

Labour market outcomes Employment outcomes of refugees catch up with time, but it takes up to 20 years Labour market outcomes As a result, in the course of time, as language and other country-specific skills get acquainted: employment rates increases steadily. Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module

And several social integration challenges Social outcomes And several social integration challenges 2014 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat

Education seems to matter - yet return could be higher Other aspects Education seems to matter - yet return could be higher Employment rates of refugees and other non-EU born by education level in the European Union, 15-64, 2014 … the better educated, the better are the LM outcomes. BUT: Member States ACTIVATE THAT POTENTIAL. Here again, we see that higher education does not pay to the same extent as it does for the native population ! Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module

Other aspects Having intermediate language skills gives a big boost to employment chances Language training is shown to be a lever helping to capitalise on existing higher education (not to waste it away to inactivity). Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module

Other aspects They have a good likelihood of taking on host country citizenship and staying Share of nationals among non-EU born who have been in the country for more than ten years (share of naturalised citizens) Language training is shown to be a lever helping to capitalise on existing higher education (not to waste it away to inactivity). Source: DG EMPL calculations based on EU-LFS 2014 module