Warm Up Simplify. 1. 52 2. 82 25 64 3. 122 4. 152 144 225 5. 202 400
Think about the relationship between the area of a square and the length of one of its sides. area = 36 square units side length = 36 = 6 units Square root: A number that when multiplied by itself, forms a product. Taking the square root of a number is the inverse of squaring the number. 62 = 36 36 = 6
Every positive number has two square roots, one positive and one negative. principle square root: non-negative square root. Principle square root Negative square root - perfect square: a number that has integers as its square roots. Ex: 1, 4, 9, 25, 64, 81 Caution!
Example 1: Positive and Negative Square Roots Find the two square roots of each number. A. 49 D. 25 25 = 5 49 = 7 25 = –5 – 49 = –7 – B. 100 E. 144 100 = 10 144 = 12 100 = –10 – 144 = –12 – C. 225 F. 289 289 = 17 225 = 15 289 = –17 – 225 = –15 –
Example 2: Application A square window has an area of 169 square inches. How wide is the window? 13 Use the positive square root; a negative length has no meaning. The window is 13 inches wide. The area of a square is s2, where s is the length of a side. Remember!
Check It Out: Example 2 A square shaped kitchen table has an area of 16 square feet. Will it fit through a van door that has a 5 foot wide opening? Write and solve an equation to find the area of the kitchen table 16 = 4 Use the positive square root; a negative length has no meaning. So the table is 4 feet wide, which is less than 5 feet, so it will fit through the van door.
Example 3: Evaluating Expressions Involving Square Roots Simplify the expression. 25 16 3 4 A. 3 36 + 7 B. + = 3(6) + 7 3 4 = + 1.5625 = 18 + 7 3 4 = 25 = 1.25 + = 2
Check It Out: Example 3 Simplify the expression. 18 t2 1 4 + A. 2 25 + 4 B. = 2(5) + 4 1 4 = + 9 = 10 + 4 1 4 = 3 + = 14 1 4 = 3
Lesson Quiz Find the two square roots of each number. 1. 81 2. 2500 Evaluate each expression. 3. 3 16 + 1 4. 7 9 – 2 49 9 50 13 7 5. Ms. Estefan wants to put a fence around 3 sides of a square garden that has an area of 225 ft2. How much fencing does she need? 45 ft