The Immune System Chapter 43 ~

PCA: List the organs involved in the immune sytem:

Chapter 43 Warm-Up Define the following terms: Pathogen Antigen Antibody Allergen Vaccine What are lymphocytes? Where do B cells and T cells mature?

Ch. 43 Review Warm-Up What is the difference between innate vs. adaptive immunity? Contrast the functions of B cells and T cells. How are antigens recognized by immune system cells? What are memory cells? How does HIV affect the immune system?

What you must know: Several elements of an innate immune response The differences between B and T cells relative to their activation and actions. How antigens are recognized by immune system cells The differences in humoral and cell-mediated immunity Why Helper T cells are central to immune responses

Types of Immunity Innate Immunity Non-specific All plants & animals Adaptive Immunity Pathogen-specific Only in vertebrates Involves B and T cells

Innate Immunity First defense Skin Mucous membranes Secretions- skin and mucous membranes

“You men come with me, the rest of you run with mucus…” Mucous membranes Line digestive, respiratory and genital tracts Low pH lysozymes

Complement System

The Inflammatory Response Tissue injury; release of chemical signals~ • histamine (basophils/mast cells): • prostaglandins: increases blood flow & vessel permeability

Dilation and increased permeability of capillary~ chemokines: secreted by blood vessel endothelial cells mediates phagocytotic migration of WBCs

Lymphatic System: Consists of: Lymphatic vessels Lymph nodes Adenoids Tonsils Appendix Spleen Peyer’s patches

Lymphatic System: Function: Traps foreign molecules and various substances Returns lost fluids back to circulatory system

Lymphatic System: Connection with Immune System: Foreign molecules and invaders encounter macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes which take various defense actions to activate and immune response and destroy pathogens.