American Romanticism (pt. 2) Review for Test 1 January 21, 2015

VOCABULARY Must spell correctly! No word bank (as always)! 5 Words from “Devil and Tom Walker” 5 Words from “Minister’s Black Veil” Must spell correctly! No word bank (as always)!

Prevalent (adj.) Widespread (everywhere) During the 1920s, famine and drought were prevalent in the United States.

Discord (n.) Lack of agreement or harmony; conflict The greed of both Tom and his wife led them to be in frequent discord.

Melancholy (adj.) Depressing; dismal; gloomy There was a melancholy mood in the classroom on test day.

Surmise (v.) To infer from little evidence; to guess After looking at the tire skid marks on the road, I can surmise that car was speeding when breaks were hit.

Speculate (v.) To engage in risky business ventures, hoping to make quick profits Because the company was new, John refused to speculate and purchase its stock.

Venerable (adj.) Deserving respect because of age, character, or position.

Iniquity (n.) Sin

Sagacious (adj.) Having or showing wisdom or keen perception Sherlock Holmes made a great detective because he was a sagacious person.

Irreproachable (adj.) Free from blame; faultless Jasmine was never blamed for the theft because her character was irreproachable.

Zealous (adj.) Filled with enthusiastic devotion; passionate James wore his Saints jersey every Sunday because he was a zealous fan.

STORIES The Devil and Tom Walker The Minister’s Black Veil Washington Irving The Minister’s Black Veil Nathaniel Hawthorne Read them if you haven’t!!!

Darker Romanticism These writers were pessimists, focusing on the negative side of life and nature. People were evil by nature Nature was beautiful, but dangerous All of the Romantic writers that we studied respected nature, but for different reasons. What were those reasons?

Devil and Tom Walker Characters? Setting? Theme? Plot? Point of View? (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

The Devil (Old Scratch) Characters? Tom Tom’s Wife The Devil (Old Scratch)

Setting? A few miles from Boston, Massachusetts (or perhaps in Boston).

Theme? Money is the root of all evil. Greed can lead to your demise and ruin you.

Plot? Main story details. Tom meets the devil, and he initially refuses a deal. His wife tries, but fails. Tom then gives in and is given money to start a loan business, cheating people out of money. After a while of being successful, the devil comes for him and takes him away on a horse.

Point of View? 3rd person, omniscient Story never uses “I” or “You”, or addresses the reader.

Minister’s Black Veil Characters? Setting? Theme? Plot? Point of View? (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

Characters Reverend Hooper Elizabeth Various townspeople

Setting Town of Milford? Small, New England, Puritan town Church/Home setting

Theme Everyone has secrets. Whether we choose to hide them or not is our choice; but, we should be hesitant to look down on certain people simply because we know what they have done.

Plot Minister shows up to church wearing black veil. He does not take it off during church, funeral, wedding, or even at home. Though he is confronted by many people, even his fiancée, he never reveals why he is wearing the veil. Even on his deathbed, he refuses to explain his actions, and gives the indication that he might be wearing the veil to symbolize the hidden sins that we all have.

Point of View 3rd person, omniscient

Symbolism Be sure that you can address the symbolic meanings of various elements of the stories, like: The minister’s veil (multiple meanings) The trees Tom saw in the forest

Optimists Emerson Thoreau “Nature” “Self-Reliance” “On Walden Pond” Be prepared to compare/contrast these with what we’ve read in the second half!