Chapter 9 Section 2 The Home Front

1. Organizing The Economy Government Agencies Ensure efficient use of national resources War Industries Board (WIB)- established to coordinate the production of raw materials, construct new factories, set some prices. Food Administration- Increasing food production, while reducing civilian consumption Victory Gardens Wheatless Mon, Meatless Tues, Porkless Thurs.

Paying for the War 3. Fuel Administration- To conserve energy and manage the nation’s use of coal and oil. Intro to Day light savings time and shortened workweeks for factories that didn’t make war materials. 4. Liberty Bonds and Victory Bonds- Americans would lend money and government would repay with interest

The Workforce National War Labor Board (NWLB)- Would mediate labor disputes to prevent workers from going on strike. Improve wages, adopt an eight-hour workday, allow unions right to organize, and bargain collectively. Women Factories, shipyards, railroads, police officers, mail carriers, industrial jobs African Americans “Great Migration” Mexican Americans Southwest: Labor for farmers & ranchers

Public Opinion Committee on Public Information- Sell the war to the American People Pamphlets and “four-minute speeches” Espionage and Sedition Act 1918- Spying to obtain government information; illegal to speak against the war publicly. Propaganda

2. Building The Military Selective Act of 1917- Draft; Done by the states through local draft boards. African Americans Discrimination & prejudice in army Racially segregated units Supervised by white officers Women Noncombat positions Navy: Clerical, radio operators, electricians, pharmacist, chemist, and photographers Army Nursing Corps.

DEATH TOLLS 50,000 Americans died 200,000 wounded Another 60,000 Americans- disease Flu Epidemic 25-50 million worldwide Including 500,000 Americans