6.3 International sporting events and the Olympics What are the major international sporting events? What is the significance of the Olympic games? What are the advantages and disadvantages of hosting an event?

International sporting events Football Jules Rimet trophy Established in 1930 Held every 4 years Most widely viewed sporting event Rugby William Webb Ellis trophy Established in 1987 Held every 4 years Cricket Established in 1975 Limited over game rather than test Athletics Established in 1991 Originally held every 4 years but now it is held every 2 years (either side of Olympics) Formula 1 Established in 1950 Hugely popular event is televised around the world

Other High profile events

History of the Olympics London 2012 Highest profile sporting event that takes place First held in 776BC in Olympia, Greece International Olympic Committee (IOC) was founded in 1894 First modern Olympics were held in 1894, in Athens, Greece Held every 4 years

Berlin 1936 Adolf Hitler ruled Germany at the head of the Nazi party Saw the games as an opportunity for propaganda Racist reviews against Jewish and black people Jesse Owens, won 4 gold medals to Hitler’s obvious disapproval Jesse Owen

Munich Terrorist attack Terrorist attack on the Israeli team 11 hostages 5 terrorists 1Police officer All killed Munich Terrorist attack

Montreal 1976 South Africa was banned due to its Apartheid policy Boycott from many African countries and New Zealand (30 total) Financial cost of staging means that Montreal is still paying off the debt now. Olympic Village

Moscow 1980 Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979. In protest American refused to send it’s team GB advised athletes not to attend Total of 52 nations boycotted

Los Angeles 1984 Soviet Union boycotted in retaliation for Moscow “Security threat” First Olympic games ever to make a profit- How? Sponsorship and commercialisation This sparked more interest to host in future years

Hosting the games Advantages Disadvantages Likelihood of making a profit. Provision of new facilities Raising the profile of the country Security risks Boycotts and political protests High costs and expenses Negative publicity