BIO: Agenda Mendelian Genetics Notes Genetics Vocab Spongebob Genetics

Gregor Mendel Austrian monk who studied plants Because his work laid the foundation to the study of heredity, Mendel is referred to as “the Father of Genetics”

Mendel’s Pea Plant Experiments Created pure-bred strains by self- pollination (transfer pollen to the pistil of the same plant). These strains were known as the P1 or parental generation tt TT

Mendel’s Pea Plant Experiments Mendel then cross-pollinated (transfer pollen from one plant to the pistil of a different plant) these strains to create the F1 or First Filial generation. He noticed that all of the plants in this generation had only one of the parental traits. TT tt Tt Hybrid Tall Pure Tall Pure Short

Mendel’s Pea Plant Experiments Mendel then cross-pollinated the F1 plants to create the F2 or Second Filial generation. He noticed that both traits from the parental generation showed up again, but not in the same proportion. Tt Tt F1 generation F2 generation TT Tt Tt tt

Conclusions from Mendel’s Pea Plant Experiments 1. Each individual carries 2 inheritable factors (alleles) for each trait but only inherits one allele for each trait from each parent 2. Principle of Dominance: Some factors (alleles) are dominant over others and will hide the weaker or recessive factor when present 3. Principle of Segregation: Blending does not occur.

Fire breathing ability Can breathe fire Can’t breathe fire

Hom Het

The combination of alleles you have Physical trait you have

Punnett Squares Diagrams that use probability to show the possible outcomes of offspring