Thermal Energy What is Thermal Energy? What makes something warm vs. cold? Review the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter.

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Presentation transcript:

Thermal Energy What is Thermal Energy? What makes something warm vs. cold? Review the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter

Three Methods of Heat Transfer: Thermal energy: kinetic energy of the particles of a substance due to their constant, random motion. Heat: Three Methods of Heat Transfer: 1 2. 3.

Three Methods of Heat Transfer: Thermal energy: kinetic energy of the particles of a substance due to their constant, random motion. Heat: transfer of thermal energy fast-moving particles colliding with slower-moving ones Three Methods of Heat Transfer: 1. Conduction 2. Convection 3. Radiation

Heat and Temperature Temperature (T): A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance Celsius (C): Anders Celsius used the freezing and boiling points of _________. Kelvin (K): T(K) = William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) theoretically devised absolute zero - substance has zero kinetic energy, no movement of particles. Fahrenheit (F): Daniel Fahrenheit used the lowest temperature of an ________ bath to be zero. Ex. Pg. 276 #23 Ex. What are some methods of transferring heat between objects? - Conduction - Convection - Radiation Ex. What heats up faster, a piece of copper or glass? Why?

Heat and Temperature Temperature (T): A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance Celsius (C): Anders Celsius used the freezing and boiling points of water. Kelvin (K): T(K) = T(C) + 273 C William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) theoretically devised absolute zero - substance has zero kinetic energy, no movement of particles. Fahrenheit (F): Daniel Fahrenheit used the lowest temperature of an ice-salt bath to be zero. Ex. Pg. 276 #23 Ex. What are some methods of transferring heat between objects? - Conduction - Convection - Radiation Ex. What heats up faster, a piece of copper or glass? Why?

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific Heat Capacity Specific heat capacity, c, is the amount of heat energy that is needed to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a particular substance by 1°C. Units (J/kg°C) Pg 260

Heat Transfer Dependence on: - Temperature difference (∆T) - Mass of substance (m) - Type of substance (c) The amount of energy absorbed/lost when a mass m changes in temperature by T is: Ex. Pg. 276 #24, 29

Heat Transfer Dependence on: - Temperature difference (∆T) - Mass of substance (m) - Type of substance (c) The amount of energy absorbed/lost when a mass m changes in temperature by T is: Ex. Pg. 276 #24, 29

A 0. 50 kg block of iron at 80. 0°C is cooled by removing 2 A 0.50 kg block of iron at 80.0°C is cooled by removing 2.28 x104 J of heat energy. What will the final temperature of the metal be?