Mind Stretcher 5-14-18 Write this on your big notes sheet on left!

What is the Evidence for Evolution. https://youtu What is the Evidence for Evolution? https://youtu.be/lIEoO5KdPvg (11 min.)

Write definition of Evolution on the left side of your big sheet! What is EVOLUTION? The PROCESS in which populations gradually change over long periods of time Write definition of Evolution on the left side of your big sheet!

Evidence for Evolution Includes: Highlight these 4 ovals under the title! HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES EMBRYOLOGY FOSSIL RECORD DNA & TRAITS

Comparative Anatomy: Homologous Structures In everyday life, people look like one another for different reasons. Two sisters, for example, might look alike because they both inherited brown eyes and black hair from their father. On the other hand, two people attending an Elvis impersonators’ convention may look alike because they are both wearing rhinestone studded suits and long sideburns. The similarity between the sisters is inherited, but the similarity between the Elvis impersonators is not. It works the same way in Biology. Some traits shared by two living things were inherited from their ancestor, and some similarities evolved in other ways. (derived characteristics)

Homologous Structures: Similar structures derived from a common ancestor. LABEL your pictures! HUMAN, CAT, WHALE, BAT = Similar Bones!! Homologous Structures (link to activity)

Which limb is NOT homologous? Why? A Human Lizard Octopus Which limb is NOT homologous? Why? B Bird Whale Grasshopper Lizard Human

Embryology During the very early stages of life (in the womb), many organisms go through similar stages of development.

What is the Fossil Record? A “timeline of life” that organizes fossils by their estimated ages and physical similarities. Used to determine relationships between extinct and living organisms.

What is a fossil? the remains or imprints of once-living organisms found in layers of rock. (mostly found in sedimentary rock) Paleontologists work among some of the hundreds of fossilized skeletons at Nebraska's Ashfall Fossil Beds.

Sedimentary Rock Formed from deposited sediments, as the sediments build up, pressure increases, pressure squeezes the bottom layers and they form rocks. (lithification) Laid down in layers or “beds,” younger beds are above the older beds Younger Older

Using Fossils to Estimate Age By identifying which layer of sediment the fossil is found in, we can estimate the age of the organism. Label the “OLDEST” and “MOST RECENT” layers!! REVIEW: The diagram below shows a geologic cross section. Which rock layer most likely contains fossils of the most recently evolved organisms? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 MOST RECENT OLDEST

How do we get a fossil? Fossils are RARE!

Additional Evidence: DNA/Traits How is DNA used? Scientists can compare DNA and find similarities among traits which connects organisms with common ancestors. (Ex: Whales & Hippos)

Let’s RECAP… Evidence for Evolution includes: HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES EMBRYOLOGY FOSSIL RECORD DNA & TRAITS

Ways to Show Evolutionary Relationships: Branching Tree Diagrams “Tree of Life”

BRANCHING TREE DIAGRAM- diagram/model showing evolutionary relationships through shared characteristics

Which species’ has a jaw and lungs, but does not have claws or nails?

Tree of Life - model showing all known species on Earth connected to common ancestors It’s incomplete… new species are always being discovered!

Tree of Life Video clip (4 min. closing) http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=33080&CategoryID=4792