Material & Nonmaterial Culture

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Chapter 3 Sections 4 Beliefs and Material Culture.
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Material & Nonmaterial Culture Chapter 3.4 Material & Nonmaterial Culture

Nonmaterial Culture Includes beliefs, ideas, and knowledge Beliefs = ideas about reality Beliefs can be true or false Examples: no life on mercury, a pharaoh was a god Important because behavior is based on beliefs

Material Culture Tangible objects Objects have no meaning within itself People give objects meaning

Ideal vs. Real Culture Ideal The culture to which a society ascribes Utopia Example: All students are honest Real The actual behavior of people in a society Real life Example: Students cheat

Changing Culture Culture can change due to 3 reasons Discovery Invention Diffusion

Diversity Counterculture Subculture Opposed to dominant culture Have their own traditions, language, etc Examples: cults, criminals, drug culture Subculture Subscribes to values of dominant culture Have their own traditions, language, etc. Examples: Chinatown, St. Viator, music culture

Ethnocentrism Judging others using your own cultural standards Can be both good and bad Positives: promotes stability, unity Negatives: inflexibility, intolerance

Cultural Universals Values that exist in ALL societies Details may differ from culture to culture Examples: caring for children, recreation, education

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