Title: Last Name Scientific Method Notes Share with Mrs. Gaines Open up a Google Doc Title: Last Name Scientific Method Notes Share with Mrs. Gaines You will be adding warm ups to this next week :)

The study of matter, energy, and their interaction. Chemistry The study of matter, energy, and their interaction.

Aim: How do scientists find answers to natural phenomena? Do Now: Of all other disciplines of study at e3 Civic High, how is science different? How is science the same?

The Scientific Method A logical, stepwise approach used by scientists to find answers to questions. 4

Steps in the Scientific Method From: http://pasadena.wr.usgs.gov/office/ganderson/es10/lectures/lecture01/sci.method.jpg 5

Steps Observation: are made by scientists about their surrounding environment; illicit questions. State the Problem: The problem statement is in the form of a question. It is derived from the observations made by the scientist. Conduct Background Research: Information about the problem must be researched by the scientist. This is accomplished by research journals and periodicals, textbooks, internet databases, consultation with professors, etc. 6

Form a Hypothesis: A hypothesis (an educated guess) is formed and stated based upon the background information acquired by the scientist Design and Perform an Experiment: It is essential for the scientist to accrue a list of materials and methods before the experimentation begins and that it is reproducible. Gather, Organize, and Analyze Data: Data collected whether qualitative or quantitative must be accurately recorded. The data can be properly displayed in a graph, chart, table, etc. Trends and experimental significance can be determined by analyzing the data after being organized. Form a Conclusion: Based upon the experimental results, conclusions can be made regarding the study. 7

All experiments must have a control and one variable group. Key Ideas All experiments must have a control and one variable group. What is a theory? What is a scientific or natural law? Experimental controls are factors to which the outcome is known. The control is a factor in an experiment that does not change. It is used as a means of comparison. The variable is a newly introduced factor. The variable may result in differing data as compared to the control. It is important to note that in an experiment, only one variable should be introduced at a time. is a generalization based on many observations and experiments; a well-tested, verified hypothesis that fits existing data and explains how processes or events are thought to occur. It is a basis for predicting future events or discoveries. Theories may be modified as new information is gained. is a summary of observable (measurable) behavior which is widely accepted amongst the scientific community and beyond. 8

What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment? Summary Questions: What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment? What is the difference between a control group and a controlled experiment? The control group is a group that you already know the outcome of. It is used to compare the variable group to the control group. A control group is one of the groups in an experiment which is used to show the expected outcome for the experiment while a controlled experiment is an experiment which correctly tests only one variable at a time.

Why must experiments only contain ONE variable group? 4. How do scientists increase the accuracy of experiments? Experiments may only contain 1 variable group in order to discover how the experimental results change due to the 1 variable being used. If you used more than 1 variable and the results varied, you wouldn’t know what the initial cause of the change was. They increase the accuracy by repeating it multiple times.

5. What are acceptable means of organizing scientific data? 6. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative measurements? The acceptable means of organizing scientific data would be charts, tables, and graphs. Quantitative measurements are measurements involving numbers such as the Ph of an acid or base. Qualitative measurements are measurements such as whether or not a solution is an acid or a base.

Scientific Method Analogy Poster Analogy options: Baking a cake Designing a room Building a house Learning how to drive Running a campaign What needs to be on the poster: Images to represent each scientific step of your analogy Define the scientific method steps Describe how your analogy represents the scientific method ***BE CREATIVE***

Simpsons Scientific Method Worksheet

Open up your Google Doc: Scientific Method Notes Title a new section: Simpson Warm-ups

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Gummy Bear Lab

Due: Monday 2/8

Digestion and the Bubble Gum Lab