Cell Cycle: Interphase & Mitosis

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Cell Cycle: Interphase & Mitosis

Vocabulary: Somatic Cells – body cells Produced through mitosis Has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) Sister chromatids – structures that contain identical copied of DNA Diploid (2n) – total of 46 chromosomes in people – zygote & somatic cells

The Cell Cycle: The sequence of growth and division of a cell. 95% of cell cycle in interphase (growth & copying) 5% of cell cycle in mitosis (division)

Interphase: 3 Stages Growth Stage 1 (G1) –growth and synthesize proteins (break down carbohydrates and lipids into energy) Synthesis Stage (S) –Copies DNA Growth Stage 2 (G2) – Growth and prepare for division (stocks up energy for division)

Interphase

Mitosis: When the cell divides Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

Chromosomes

Prophase Nuclear envelope disappears Chromosomes condense (can see sister chromatids and centromere) Spindle forms Centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell Centrioles form mitotic spindles which help pull the chromosomes apart.

Metaphase Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers Chromosomes move to the equator of spindle

Anaphase Centromeres split Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell

Telophase 2 New Nuclei form Chromosome s begin to uncoil to make chromatin

Cytokinesis Cytoplasm divides Two new daughter cells are now separate Two new cells are formed and are identical