1/8/13 Pick-up a slide packet from the front counter (in warm-up page basket). Make sure you have something with which to write (pen/pencil) Write your name on your packet. You will be taking notes from lecture today. Wait quietly for class to start. If you are not in your seat ready to go when the bell rings you will get a 15 minute detention. New seating chart SOON!

BTW, welcome back.

COLOR

The Color Wheel - The color wheel is a standard means of organization containing the primary, secondary and tertiary colors.  In its simplest form it does not address value (the addition of white or black to a hue).

THE COLOR WHEEL The Color Wheel The color wheel is a standard symbol containing the primary, secondary and tertiary colors.  In its simplest form it does not address value (the addition of white or black to a hue).

The 3 properties of color: Hue – the name of any color in its pure state Value – refers to relative lightness or darkness Intensity or Saturation – Refers to brightness or purity

HUE The name of any color in its pure state

Value – refers to relative lightness or darkness

VALUE

Intensity or Saturation – Refers to brightness or purity

INTENSITY OR SATURATION

Groups and variations of color

Primary - These are the pigment colors that cannot be created from any other colors and are used to create other hues

Primary colors (3) Red, Blue, Yellow.  These are the pigment colors that cannot be created from any other colors.

Secondary – Hues that are the result from an equal mixture of two primary colors 1+1= 2

Secondary colors (3) Secondary Colors Orange (equal mixture of red and yellow) Green (equal mixture of yellow and blue) Purple/ Violet (equal mixture of blue and red) The secondary colors result from equal mixtures of the primary colors

Tertiary - The tertiary colors are equal mixtures of a primary color and a secondary color 1+2 = 3 always listed primary color first.

Tertiary colors (6) The tertiary colors are equal mixtures of a primary color and a secondary color. 

Tint – color mixed with white, pastels

                                                         

Shade – color mixed with black

                                                         

Tone – color mixed with gray

                                                         

High Intensity - the color is very bright and vibrant High Intensity - the color is very bright and vibrant. There is very little black or white in the color.

HIGH INTENSITY

Low Intensity - the color is duller and softer, more white, grey or black is added

LOW INTENSITY

Neutral – located in the center of the color wheel, the combination of all hues, and the result of mixing two complementary colors.

NEUTRAL – NOT IN THE COLOR WHEEL

COLOR SCHEMES

Color harmony – Implies balance and symmetry of forces, a combination of colors without sharp contrast.

Complimentary colors Always in pairs The complementary colors are color pairs that are opposite each other on the color wheel.  The three main complementary color pairs are red-green, blue-orange, and yellow-purple.  But complements can also be made up of tertiary colors as well just as long as they are opposite each other on the color wheel

Complementary Pairs Pairs of colors located across from each other on the color wheel. The three main complementary color pairs are red-green, blue-orange, and yellow-violet

Split-complementary –One color and the colors on either side of its complement, always 3 hues

Spit Complementary always 3 Split complementary colors take one color and use the colors on either side of its complement.  For example, if one used blue as the first color, the true complement is orange.  In a split complementary situation, blue would be paired with red-orange and yellow-orange.

Analogous colors – colors located adjacent to each other on the color wheel, when placed to together they match well and are harmonious and visually comfortable, can be 3,4, or 5 hues

Analogous colors Can be 3,4,or 5 Analogous colors consist of a small group of colors from the color wheel that are contiguous.  One example group would be: yellow-green, green, blue-green, blue.

Monochromatic – a composition based on a variation of values of a single hue. The hue is altered based on the amount of white, grey or black added

Monochromatic Can be infinite Monochromatic colors only deal with one hue.  The hue is altered based on the amount of white, grey or black added. 

Monochromatic Schemes use tints and shades from a single hue (colors from same column in the table)

Triadic – Three colors equidistant from each other on the color wheel, creating a triangle, i.e. primary colors, secondary colors, always 3 hues

Triadic

PRIMARY COLORS

SECONDARY COLORS

Warm colors Based on 3 Warm Colors Warm colors are those colors on the color wheel, which perceptually come forward to the eye.  They consist of reds, yellows and oranges.  Depending on the amount of red, purple can also be referred to as a warm color.  Black is considered “warm.”

Warm Colors - Vivid and energetic and tend to advance in space, associated with heat and fire, red, yellow, orange

High intensity warm color scheme

Low intensity warm color scheme

Cool colors Based on 3 Cool colors are those colors on the color wheel, which perceptually recede from the eye.  They consist of greens, blues and usually purples (depending on the amount of blue that predominates).  White is also considered “cool.”

Cool Colors – Give an impression of calm and create a soothing impression and tend to recede visually, associated with cool forests and water, blue, violet, green.

COLOR SCHEMES ANALOGOUS COMPLIMENTARY SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY WARM / COOL TRIADIC MONOCHROMATIC

What is this color scheme?

                                                         

                                                         

COLOR SCHEMES ANALOGOUS COMPLIMENTARY SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY WARM / COOL TRIADIC MONOCHROMATIC

Principles of Color Shift and Perception and Optical Illusions Created by Color

Principles of Color Principle 1 – all hues appear lighter and more intense against a black background

    Principle 1 – all hues appear lighter and more intense against a black background Principle 1 – all hues appear lighter and more intense against a black background Principle 2 – all hues appear darker and less intense against a white background

Principle 2 – all hues appear darker and less intense against a white background

Principle 2 – all hues appear darker and less intense against a white background     Principle 1 – all hues appear lighter and more intense against a black background Principle 2 – all hues appear darker and less intense against a white background

Principle 3 – Dark colors and values on a light background appear darker than the same colors on a dark background.

Principle 3 – Dark colors and values on a light background appear darker than the same colors on a light background. Principle 3 – Dark colors and values on a light background appear darker than the same colors on a dark background.

Principle 4 – Light colors and values on a dark background appear lighter than the same colors on a light background.

Principle 4 – Light colors and values on a dark background appear lighter than the same colors on a dark background. Principle 4 – Light colors and values on a dark background appear lighter than the same colors on a light background.

The background makes a difference The two sections of blue dots are actually the same color but the dots in the lower area appear much brighter because the background is darker.

Take a look at the same orange square and how it looks within the boundaries of other colors within the spectrum. Can you see how the orange square appears darker when surrounded by lighter colors? Take a look at the same orange square and how it looks within the boundaries of other colors within the spectrum. Can you see how the orange square appears darker when surrounded by lighter colors? It should also appear that the orange box appears lighter when surrounded by darker colors. Try it with other colors.

Illusions Created with Color Here are some examples of how color interactions can affect our perception in dramatic ways.

Warm/ Cool Interaction Remember, warm colors appear to come forward and cool colors appear to recede. The red and green squares are perfectly level with each other but the red square appear out of alignment because red appears more prominent.

Do you see two different colors of green spirals Do you see two different colors of green spirals? It is really the same green. The overlay of the blue stripes and the red stripes on their respective spirals changes our perception of color.

The red color is the same across this band. 

In this instance, the background color is affecting how the color of the squares on the top row is perceived. The upper row of squares are mauve on the left and light green on the right. These fairly dull colored squares are rendered even more neutral when placed over a background close to their own hue. The squares appear brighter than the original squares below when each color is placed over its complement.

Motion Illusions Using Color Only

Afterimage The science behind it - ‘Negative Retinal Afterimage’ or after image effect.

By fixating on the bottom right corner of the yellow rectangle for 30 seconds or so and then looking at a white surface and blinking a few times, one can have an after-image of  the American flag in the correct colors.

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An effect similar to after-images in certain respects, but perhaps even more vivid, can be got by first staring at the picture below and fixating on the centre spot for 30 seconds. Afterwards, roll the mouse over the picture and keep fixating on the centre spot (this is important). You seem to see the picture in colour even though it is really in black and white, as you can easily verify. These images are taken from John Sadowski and on one of his webapages he provides a tutorial on how to make such pictures.

Principles of Color Principle 1 – all hues appear lighter and more intense against a black background Principle 2 – all hues appear darker and less intense against a white background Principle 3 – Dark colors and values on a light background appear darker than the same colors on a light background. Principle 4 – Light colors and values on a dark background appear lighter than the same colors on a dark background.

THE END…. …For now...

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