Chapter 2-1 What is Matter?

Chemistry Chemistry – what things are made of What their properties are How they interact and change Used everyday in life

Matter Matter - anything that has mass and occupies space Air is matter! Light, energy and sound aren’t

Elements Everything is built from atoms. Element – substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Compounds Compound – substance made of 2 or more different elements Chemically combine Example – Water or H2O Elements hydrogen (2 atoms) and oxygen (1 atom) combine to form water

Molecules Molecules – smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance More than one atom together Same or different atoms

Chemical Formula Chemical formula – shows how many atoms of each element are in a substance # in front of letter = # of molecules # in subscript = # of atoms 3C12H22O11 3 molecules of sugar Each molecule contains given # of atoms

Pure Substances Materials are made of a pure substance or a mixture of substances. Pure substance - matter that has a fixed composition and definite properties Elements or compounds

Mixtures Mixture – combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined Example - Pizza

Heterogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous mixture – substances aren’t mixed uniformly and aren’t distributed evenly

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous mixture - contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended evenly throughout.

Miscible vs Immiscible Miscible – homogenous mixture of liquids or gas Immiscible – heterogeneous mixture of liquids Oil and water

Gas mixed with Liquids Carbonated drinks Noncarbonated drinks Lemon meringue pie