REVIEW OF SOILS Definition: Usually refers to mineral particles but can relate to byproducts or waste materials. (i.e. vitrified soils) Natural aggregates are formed from rocks or the decomposition and transport of rock Natural sources include underwater, land ( stripping) , Glacier Outwash.

REVIEW OF SOILS Note: Disadvantage of natural aggregate deposits is: the content of impurities and dust. Rounded shapes and smooth surfaces are found with natural aggregates which is undesirable. However in some locations it may be more economical. Permeability- potential as a filtering or drainage system

REVIEW OF SOILS Rock Types Igneous Rock - Volcanic Rock which was molten at one time and then cooled i.e. Granites(CG), Basalt(FG) & Diabase Trap Rock is Basalt and Diabase Pumice and Scoria are rock filled with bubbles which are good for lightweight aggregate Trap Rock is an excellent aggregate Sedimentary Rock - Shows a lot of stratification from its natural deposition If it is a sand deposit formed rock it is known as sandstone or quartzite If it is a gravel deposit formed rock it is known as a conglomerate Note: Shale is not a great aggregate because of cleavage

REVIEW OF SOILS Metamorphic Rock - Formed from Sedimentary or Igneous under heat and pressure i.e Shale turns into slate i.e. Limestone turns into marble

REVIEW OF SOILS SW SP GP GW

REVIEW OF SOILS Gravel Sand Clay and Silt

REVIEW OF SOILS