Vit. k

Student: Ranen,Sarha,Noor,Mai,Asmahan,Mysa,Amal,Ameena,Ameera TO: Dr. koolod Azab Student: Ranen,Sarha,Noor,Mai,Asmahan,Mysa,Amal,Ameena,Ameera

Aims: *Definition of vit k and benefit. *How give to vit k ? *Vit k deficiency. *categories of HDN.

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that is most well known for the important role it plays in blood clotting.

*However, vitamin K is also absolutely essential to building strong bones, preventing heart disease, and crucial part of other bodily processes.

*Vitamin K prophylaxis for newborn infants to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN)

*(HDN )occurring within the first week of life is enhanced in babies who are exclusively breastfed until the bowel become colonized by E.coli *the vit.k dependent clotting factors II (Prothrombin) ,VII ,IX and X can be synthesized in the presence of bile salts

Give vitamin K as part of the physical assessment of newborns after drying the baby ,heating the baby and examining each organ How to give it as follows: We put the baby in flat position

*Then we determine the muscle in which we will inject the vitamin K needle and be in Vastus laterals muscle *swab *Perform aspiration to make sure of the place *Then we inject vitamin K.

Vitamin K Deficiency Breast milk contains low concentrations of this vitamin and the gastrointestinal tracts of breastfed babies are poor in the type of bacteria that help synthesize vitamin K. Baby's are risk for bleeding which can cause brain damage even death

Some risk factors for vitamin K deficiency have already been discussed above. These include maternal medication (mainly anticonvulsant and anticoagulant drugs), malabsorption syndromes (persistent diarrhea, cystic fibrosis, etc.) and liver disease in infants.

There are three categories of HDN: Early HDN: bleeding in the first 24 hours after birth Classic HDN: bleeding in the first week of life Late HDN: bleeding when your baby is two weeks to 12 weeks old

Some babies with HDN do not have any risk factors Some babies with HDN do not have any risk factors. But in most cases, HDN affects breastfed babies who: were born before 37 weeks of pregnancy were born by forceps, ventouse or caesarean section have been bruised during birth

*had breathing difficulties at birth *have liver problems or were poorly at birth *whose mums have taken drugs during pregnancy, either for epilepsy, to prevent clots, or for tuberculosis

Thank you