Americans on the Home Front GIs Mexican Americans Japanese Americans Women African Americans Jewish Americans
Women Pages 456-457 Jobs Hardships Military Mexican Americans Pages 462-463 Military Contributions Prejudice Zoot Suit Riots Soldiers (American GIs) 452-453 GI Definition Draft Training Hardships Jewish Americans Pages 460-461 Issues in Germany St. Louis Discrimination Anti-Semitism Definition African Americans Pages 458-459 Double V Campaign Tuskegee Airmen Military A. Philip Randolph Discrimination @ Home Japanese Americans 454-455 Dealing with Pearl Harbor Reaction Executive Order 9066 Korematsu v. United States Life in Internment Camps
Women Pages 456-457 Jobs Hardships Military Mexican Americans Pages 462-463 Military Contributions Prejudice Zoot Suit Riots Soldiers (American GIs) 452-453 GI Definition Draft Training Hardships Jewish Americans Pages 460-461 Issues in Germany St. Louis Discrimination Anti-Semitism Definition African Americans Pages 458-459 Double V Campaign Tuskegee Airmen Military A. Philip Randolph Discrimination @ Home Japanese Americans 454-455 Dealing with Pearl Harbor Reaction Executive Order 9066 Korematsu v. United States Life in Internment Camps
Women Pages 456-457 Jobs Hardships Military Mexican Americans Pages 462-463 Military Contributions Prejudice Zoot Suit Riots Soldiers (American GIs) 452-453 GI Definition Draft Training Hardships Jewish Americans Pages 460-461 Issues in Germany St. Louis Discrimination Anti-Semitism Definition African Americans Pages 458-459 Double V Campaign Tuskegee Airmen Military A. Philip Randolph Discrimination @ Home Japanese Americans 454-455 Dealing with Pearl Harbor Reaction Executive Order 9066 Korematsu v. United States Life in Internment Camps
Women Pages 456-457 Jobs Hardships Military Mexican Americans Pages 462-463 Military Contributions Prejudice Zoot Suit Riots Soldiers (American GIs) 452-453 GI Definition Draft Training Hardships Jewish Americans Pages 460-461 Issues in Germany St. Louis Discrimination Anti-Semitism Definition African Americans Pages 458-459 Double V Campaign Tuskegee Airmen Military A. Philip Randolph Discrimination @ Home Japanese Americans 454-455 Dealing with Pearl Harbor Reaction Executive Order 9066 Korematsu v. United States Life in Internment Camps
Japanese Americans Dealing with Pearl Harbor Reaction Questioned loyalty / fear of potential collaborators in a West Coast invasion Roosevelt declared all German, Italian, Japanese nations or non-US citizens to be “enemy aliens” Executive Order 9066 Mass evacuation of Japanese from Pacific Coast Koremastu v. United States Significance: Argument about the constitutionality of 9066 Verdict: Civil rights can be set aside during war Life in Internment Camps Barracks housing, desert region (most in West), set up schools, libraries, hospitals
American GIs GI Draft Training Hardships Government Issue (refers to fighting men in the armed forces) Draft Registrations expanded from age 21-35 to 18-44 After Pearl Harbor, 1.5 million troops Training 8 weeks to prepare for combat; 9 hour days Tent pitching, map reading, guard duty, sanitation, weapons care, phys training Hardships Constant fear, homesickness, PTSD after the war, (see pg. 453)
Women Jobs Hardships Military Huge demand for workers (18 million took jobs) Welders, riveters, mechanics, physicists, architects (formerly clerical work) Hardships Balance between work and home – “Double Shift” Facing hostility on the job Unfair wages Juvenile delinquency up Military Women's Army Corps, WAVES (Navy), SPARs (Coast Guard)
African Americans Military & Discrimination Double V Campaign Victory in war and for civil rights – confronting racism Tuskegee Airmen Prestigious African American pilot air corps – never lost a bomber to an enemy Philip Randolph Pressured Roosevelt to sign Executive Order 8022, outlawing discrimination in the workplace Military & Discrimination Segregation in the military Race riots in cities
Mexican Americans Military Contributions Prejudice Zoot Suit Riots Opportunity to show loyalty More Mexican American soldiers than any other ethnic group Prejudice Discrimination prevented most Mexican Americans from high paying industrial jobs Bracero Program Zoot Suit Riots Riots break out among Mexican teenagers and police, servicemen in LA neighborhoods (barrios) Truly caused by tension, racial prejudice, inflammatory articles
Jewish Americans Issues in Germany St. Louis Discrimination Persecution such as loss of citizenship, property, curfews, etc. Kristallnacht the beginning of the Holocaust St. Louis Jewish immigrants turned away by Cuba and the USA Discrimination Anti-Semitism in America and in the armed forces Later: War Refugee Board created to build camps in Italy, Africa and US for displaced Jewish people Definition: Anti-Semitism Policies, views and actions that discriminate against Jewish people