The Reproductive System

Asexual Reproduction Runners in Strawberries: Spores in Puffball Mushrooms:

Sexual Reproduction

“Joey” develops in a Pouch

Sexually and Asexually Reproduction

Male Reproductive System

Male Reproduction System The main structures of the male reproductive system produces and delivers sperm. The main organs of the male reproductive system are the testes. The testes are located in an external sac called the scrotum. The scrotum is located outside the body cavity, where it is between 1 and 3 degrees cooler than normal body temperature. The lower temperature helps sperm development. The sperms’ path is through the urethra inside the penis. Glands which line the reproductive tract, produces seminal fluid. Seminal fluid nourishes sperm and protects them from the acidity of the female reproductive tract. The combination of sperm and seminal fluid is called semen.

The Male Reproductive System Head A sperm cell consists of: a head, which contains the nucleus a mid piece, which contains energy-releasing mitochondria a tail, which propels the cell forward Nucleus Midpiece Mitochondria Tail

Reproduction Hormones Produced by Function Testosterone Testicles Male sex traits FSH Pituitary Stimulates egg/sperm dvlp Stimulate estrogen LH Stim. Testosterone Release of egg, corpus luteum, progesterone Estrogen Ovaries Female sex traits Progesterone Corpus luteum Maintains Uterus lining

The Female Reproduction System Fallopian tube Ovary Uterus Cervix Urinary bladder Rectum Pubic bone Vagina Urethra

The Female Reproductive System The main function of the female reproductive system is to produce ova. The ovaries are the main organs of the female reproductive system. Egg Development  Each ovary contains about 400,000 primary follicles, which are clusters of cells surrounding a single egg. The follicle helps an egg mature for release into the reproductive tract, where it can be fertilized. Eggs develop within their follicles. When a follicle has matured, its egg is released in a process called ovulation. The follicle breaks open, and the egg is swept from the ovary into one of the two Fallopian tubes. While in the Fallopian tube, an egg can be fertilized. After a few days, the egg passes from the Fallopian tube into the uterus. If the egg is not fertilized it passes through the cervix, and finally out of the vagina. The vagina leads to the outside of the body.

The Menstrual Cycle The menstrual cycle is controlled by internal feedback mechanisms between the reproductive system and the endocrine system. The cycle takes an average of 28 days.