The Reproductive System

Similarities and differences between males and females, but same goal: new life Primary sex organs: gonads Testes in males Ovaries in females These produce the gametes (sex cells) Sperm in males Ovum (egg) in females Endocrine function also: secretion of hormones Accessory sex organs Internal glands and ducts External genitalia

Hormones Pituitary FSH LH Follicle stimulating hormone stimulates monthly ripening of follicles LH Luteinizing hormone stimulates ovulation converts ruptured follicle into corpus luteum

Male Anatomy – frontal view

Male Anatomy

Human Male Reproductive System Primary sex characteristics Testes Secondary Sex characteristics Deepening if voice Body hair Increased muscle mass

Testes Spermatogenesis Epididymis Vas Deferens Begins at puberty Several hundred million sperm made each day Epididymis Sperm mature and are stored Vas Deferens Transports sperm from epididymis (testes) to urethra

Sammy Sperm

Hormones Pituitary hormones Testes FSH - acts on cells to help in sperm maturation LH - stimulates cells in the seminiferous tubules to secrete testosterone Testes Testosterone

Human Female Reproductive System Primary sex characteristics Ovaries Uterus Fallopian Tubes (Oviducts) Cervix

Human Female Reproductive System Secondary sex characteristics breast development widening of hips

Hormones Ovaries Estrogen Progesterone development of the endometrium (uterine lining) repression of FSH by pituitary to prevent multiple ovulation Progesterone puts final touches on endometrium just prior to arrival of egg into the uterus

Female Anatomy- Frontal view

Ovaries, Oviduct, Uterus and Cervix Ovary Women are born with all the eggs they will have throughout the course of their lifetime Oviduct Transports eggs from ovary to uterus Location of fertilization Uterus Development of zygote into fetus Zygote attaches to lining of uterus Cervix Separation between vaginal tract and uterus

Ovulation

Fertilization Union of sperm and egg = zygote Occurs in the oviduct

Stages of Development

Journey of the Zygote