PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT TENSE PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TEMPORARY STATES, EXCEPTION TO THE RULE ACTIONS e.g. I am working for a software company this month. 2. AN ACTION, A PHENOMENON IN CHANGE e.g. Pollution is growing bigger and bigger. 3. ACTIONS HAPPENING IN THE MOMENT OF SPEECH e.g. Do you mind, I am talking on the phone now! 4. ARRANGED, PLANNED ACTIONS e.g. I am meeting the director today. 1. PERMANENT STATES, ROUTINE ACTIONS e.g. He works in a software company. 2. GENERAL TRUTH e.g. The sun rises in the east. 3. TIMETABLES, HABITS e.g. We start work at 9 every day. !!!!ANNOYING HABIT→PRESENT CONTINUOUS e.g. You are always interrupting me. 4. SPORTS COMMENTS, INDICATIONS e.g. Hill passes the ball to Dawson. So, ladies, now you mix everything and beat hard.

STRUCTURE PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS The Infinitive form of the verb for most persons, with the exception of 3rd person singular. I work, you work, we work, they work. The Infinitive + -s for 3rd person singular He, she, it sleeps. 2 elements: auxiliary verb TO BE + verb + -ing I am working You are working He (she, it) is working We are working They are working

NEGATIVE FORM PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS Auxiliary verb (DO, DOES) in the negative + verb I don’t (do not) work. He (she, it) doesn’t (does not) sleep. Negative form of the auxiliary verb TO BE+ verb + -ing I am not working. She isn’t (is not) sleeping. They aren’t (are not) working.

INTERROGATIVE FORM PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS Auxiliary verb (DO, DOES) + Subject + verb Do you work? Does he sleep? Auxiliary verb TO BE + Subject + verb+ -ing Are you working today? Is she still sleeping ?

SPECIFIC ADVERBS PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS ALWAYS USUALLY EVERY DAY EVERY WEEK / MONTH / YEAR ON MONDAYS / TUESDAYS… IN THE MORNING / EVENING… REGULARLY OFTEN SELDOM NOW AT THE MOMENT THESE DAYS AT PRESENT NOWADAYS STILL JUST THESE DAYS / MONTH…

GENERAL RULES SPELLING RULES PRESENT SIMPLE: ADDING –S (3rd person singular) verb + -s : set – sets, get – gets, drop – drops, eat - eats verbs ending in ss, sh, ch, x, o + -es : guess – guesses, blush – blushes, scratch – scratches, fix - fixes, go – goes verbs ending in vowel + y + -s : say – says, play - plays verbs ending in consonant + y + -ies : try – tries, cry – cries, fry – fries PRESENT CONTINUOUS : ADDING -ING verb + -ing : draw – drawing verb ending in –ie turns the ending into y + -ing : die – dying, lie – lying verb ending in -e drops the vowel and adds -ing : make – making, dive – diving verb ending in a stressed vowel + consonant doubles the consonant: put – putting, sit – sitting, cut - cutting

GENERAL RULES 2. OTHER GRAMMAR RULES PRESENT SIMPLE: NEGATIVE FORM, 3RD PERSON SINGULAR: NO –S FOR THE VERB IN THE NEGATIVE, BECAUSE OF DOESN’T e.g. She doesn’t wakes up at 7. → She doesn’t wake up at 7. PRESENT SIMPLE: INTERROGATIVE FORM, 3RD PERSON SINGULAR: NO –S FOR THE VERB IN THE INTERROGATIVE, BECAUSE OF DOES e.g. Does she wakes up at 7? → Does she wake up at 7? PRESENT CONTINUOUS: ALWAYS EXPRESS IT WITH 2 ELEMENTS e.g. I working from 8 today, instead of 9. → I am working from 8 today, instead of 9.