Social Studies Essential UNIT Question: How did the ancient world contribute to the development of civilization?

Social Studies Standards Case study of an early people of the Middle East (Sumer, Egypt, or Mesopotamia): 3.1 a, 3.1 c, 3.1 d

DO-NOW: Update Table of Contents; Place homework in portfolio.

Focus Question # 20: What were the contributions of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt?

The First Important Pharaoh Different towns and villages from up and down the Nile traded with each other; Farmers cultivated surplus crops; craft-workers developed new tools, pottery and jewelry; Although there was some cooperation between trade partners, wars often broke out, which led to a slowing down of trade; people suffered as a result; A powerful leader known as “Pharaoh Menes (Mee-neez)” rose up to end the fighting and unite the Upper and Lower Kingdoms of Egypt.

Menes “The Pharaoh of Unity”

The Double Crown of Egypt Crown of Upper Egypt (White); Crown of Lower Egypt (Red) United Crown of Egypt

Lower and Upper Egypt:

Pharaoh Menes Unites Egypt The word pharaoh (FAIR-oh) refers to the great palace where the ruler of Egypt resided (lived); From 2,700 BCE to 2,200 BCE, a period known as the Old Kingdom, the Pharaoh’s fought to unite Lower and Upper Egypt; Pharaoh Menes placed his capital in Memphis, a city located in Lower Egypt; Menes forced the local governments to respect his laws and government. He made sure that the flood water was shared equally through canals and storage pools.

Silt deposits = Rich soil Silt scooped out of the Nile Silt helps nourish soil

Egyptian Irrigation The Shadoof Canals

The Nilometer

Flax was used for clothing Egyptian Cloth Egyptian weavers Flax was used for clothing

The Flooding of the Nile River

Egyptian Transportation

Egyptian Domestication

The Nile and Its Delta

The Delta

Activity:

Homework # 30: See HW tab (Website)

Today’s Middle East http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/me.htm

Today I Learned . . .