Prenatal and early-life exposures alter expression of innate immunity genes: The PASTURE cohort study Georg Loss, MSc, Sondhja Bitter, MD, Johanna Wohlgensinger,

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Prenatal and early-life exposures alter expression of innate immunity genes: The PASTURE cohort study Georg Loss, MSc, Sondhja Bitter, MD, Johanna Wohlgensinger, PhD, Remo Frei, PhD, Caroline Roduit, MD, MPH, Jon Genuneit, MD, Juha Pekkanen, MD, Marjut Roponen, PhD, Maija-Riitta Hirvonen, PhD, Jean-Charles Dalphin, MD, PhD, Marie-Laure Dalphin, MD, Josef Riedler, MD, Erika von Mutius, MD, MSc, Juliane Weber, MD, Michael Kabesch, MD, Sven Michel, MSc, Charlotte Braun- Fahrländer, MD, Roger Lauener, MD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 130, Issue 2, Pages 523-530.e9 (August 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.049 Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Selection of PASTURE study population and participants for mRNA analyses. †Inclusion criteria: living on a farm with livestock, maternal age greater than 18 years, term delivery, no genetic disease in offspring, telephone connection, and sufficient knowledge of the country's language. ‡Selection criteria: pregnancy questionnaire was completed. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 130, 523-530.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.049) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Adjusted association of farming/nonfarming during pregnancy and mRNA expression at birth expressed as geometric mean ratios and 95% CIs adjusted for maternal history of asthma or hay fever, sex, center (random), and maternal smoking during pregnancy. Fully adjusted multifactorial MANOVA of mRNA expression and farming P value = .041. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 130, 523-530.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.049) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Adjusted association of child's farm milk consumption during first year of life and mRNA expression at year 1 expressed as geometric mean ratios and 95% CIs adjusted for farming, maternal history of asthma or hay fever, sex, center, maternal smoking during breast-feeding, solid food score, education, and duration of breast-feeding. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2012 130, 523-530.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.049) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions