Classical China Dynasties.

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Classical China Dynasties

Three cycles of classical China: Zhou Dynasty Qin Dynasty Han Dynasty

Zhou Dynasty located in the Yangzi River valley frequently invaded by nomads & rival kingdoms known as the "Middle Kingdom" ruled by the Mandate of Heaven Confucianism emerges Mandarin = standard language Use of a common currency

Confucianism: Kung Fuzi (ca. 551–478 B.C.E.) Confucianism taught: respect for superiors (fathers and husbands) Obedience leaders must show moderation in spending & lifestyle rank in society/politics based on intelligence, merit Dominate values were secular rather than religious Analects - Confucian doctrine

Warring States Period Lasted from 475-221BCE The region controlled by the Zhou Dynasty was divided into 8 states Qin, Chu, Qi, Yan, Han, Wei, Yue, Zhao Each state had a king Fight amongst each other for power By 230 BCE the Qin began to conquer the other states. In 221 BCE the Qi were the last to be conqured

Qin Dynasty (221–207 B.C.E.) Emperor Shi Huangdi Tyrant ruler Began building the Great Wall - 3000 miles Legacy of the Qin Dynasty census standardized coinage, weights, measures common writing system Harsh legal system

Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E.–220 C.E.) Founded by Liu Bang (born as a commoner) Han Dynasty conquers territory in Korea, Indochina, central Asia contact with India, Parthian Empire Founded the most enduring bureaucracy Used Civil service exams Emperor Wu (140–87 B.C.E.) supported Confucianism (established the Imperial Academy) Most famous Han ruler Had shrines built to promote worship

Legalism Established by the Qin Han Dynasties continues the practice Alternative to Confucianism Pragmatic Districts were ruled by the military under the Qin Promotion is based on merit and education not on an hereditary title Individuals read classical text including the Analects during the Han Dynasty Governmental Structure: Emperor Prime Minister Governor Magistrate (local official)