ASSISTING WITH NUTRITION CHAPTER 21

EATING IS A BASIC NEED INGESTION DIGESTION ABSORPTION METABOLISM NUTRITION CARBO-HYDRATES PROTEINS FATS VITAMINS MINERALS NUTRIENTS RELIGION CULTURE TASTE FINACES SKILL APPETITE FACTORS TO CONSIDER

SPECIAL DIETS Diet depends on the person’s condition Surgery, illness, chronic disease Regular Clear liquid Full Liquid Soft Low Sodium Low Cholesterol Diabetic

ASSISTING WITH MEALS BEFORE MEALS TOILET HYGIENE POSITION

ASSISTIVE DEVICES ASSISTIVE DEVICES HELP THE PERSON BE AS INDEPENDENT AS POSSIBLE

VISION IMPAIRED PERSONS TELL THE PERSON THE LOCATION OF THE FOOD ON THE PLATE

GUIDELINES FOR ASSISTING WITH EATING Check meal card Sit down Conversation Independence Use a spoon Position upright

ASSISTING WITH FLUIDS ENCOURAGE FLUIDS RESTRICTING FLUIDS -May forget to drink -Fear incontinence -Need frequent small amounts RESTRICTING FLUIDS Risk of fluid overload May need to limit liquids Need frequent oral care MEASURING INTAKE -Liquids, gelatin, ice cream -IV, tube feeding -Measured in ml/cc MEASURING OUTPUT Urine, Vomit, Blood Wound drainage Diarrhea ASSISTING WITH FLUIDS

Fluids or Meds given directly into veins IV THERAPY Fluids or Meds given directly into veins Problems to watch for -Disconnected -Not dripping -Site swollen or painful -Bag is empty

ENTERAL NUTRITION Used when a person can’t swallow Complications: Aspiration Diarrhea Bloating Feeding is given through a tube Managed by the nurse Keep head of bed up 30 degrees