16-2s The Early Years (Bull Run)

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Presentation transcript:

16-2s The Early Years (Bull Run)

Sunday 21 July 1861 Was a pleasant sunny day in Washington DC. 100’s of DC residents crossed the Potomac River with picnic baskets in hand to spend the day in Virginia.

Sunday 21 July 1861 They planned to picnic while watching the first battle of the Civil War. These Union spectators expected to see the Union forces crush the rebs. The rebels expected a quick victory also.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) The war didn’t begin in earnest until the Battle of Bull Run, fought near Manassas, Virginia just miles from Washington DC, on July 21, 1861.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) The Union had 35,000 inexperienced troops led by Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) The Confederacy had 32,230 troops led by Brig. Gen P.G.T Beauregard and Brig Gen. Joseph E. Johnston and the South’s troops were equally inexperienced.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) On the 21st, McDowell crossed at Sudley Ford and attacked the Confederate left flank on Matthews Hill. Fighting raged throughout the day as Confederate forces were driven back to Henry Hill.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, stationed in the Shenandoah Valley with 10,000 Confederate troops, was ordered to support Beauregard. Late in the afternoon, Confederate reinforcements extended and broke the Union right flank.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) The Federal retreat rapidly deteriorated into a rout. Although victorious, Confederate forces were too disorganized and tired to pursue the Yankees.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) Confederate Gen. Bee and Col. Bartow were killed. Thomas J. Jackson earned the nick name “Stonewall.”

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) By July 22, 1861 the shattered Union army reached the safety of Washington. This battle convinced the Lincoln administration that the war would be a long and costly affair.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) McDowell was relieved of command of the Union army and replaced by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, who set out to reorganize and train the Army of the Potomac.

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas I) Total forces engaged approximately 63,000 troops from both the Union Army and Confederate Army. Estimated casualties total North and South 4,700. North-2,950 South-1,750