Chap-19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

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Presentation transcript:

Chap-19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases The kinetic theory of gases relates the macroscopic properties of gases (for example, pressure and temperature) to the microscopic properties of gas molecules (for example, speed and kinetic energy). Avogadro's Number: One mole of a substance contains NA (Avogadro's number) elementary units (usually atoms or molecules), where NA is found experimentally to be The number of moles n contained in a sample of mass Msam, consisting of N molecules, is given by (M =molar mass):

Ideal Gas Law A railroad tank car crushed overnight

Work Done by an Ideal Gas

Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed Gas Molar Mass (g/mol) vrms (m/s) Hydrogen (H2) 2.02 1920 Helium (He) 4.0 1370 Water vapor (H2O) 18.0 645 Nitrogen (N2) 28.0 517 Oxygen (O2) 32.0 483 Carbon dioxide (CO2) 44.0 412 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 64.1 342

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