Know the Flow: Exploring Ground Water Movement with 3-D Modeling Laura L. Sanders, Northeastern Illinois University Introductory Hydrogeology students use a visualization tool to explore how hydrogeologic variables affect ground water flow. Students construct, calibrate, and run the 3-D flow model, then use it to Track imaginary particles flowing to wells from the surrounding area to designate a “wellhead protection area”. Experiment by changing hydraulic properties and conditions to see how the flow system responds. Using Graphic Groundwater, students Create a grid directly on the topo map Students begin with a digital topographic map, then Gather geologic data  boring logs  geologic maps  field work  well surveys  hydrogeologic literature Enter hydraulic properties in each grid cell (e.g. well pumping, hydraulic conductivity, recharge)  Construct cross sections Lessons Learned and Questions Raised: This visualization works as a teaching tool because the students control the flow system, and experimental results are immediately visible. Visualization tools can incorporate interactivity for hands-on inquiry. ? How should we assess the effectiveness of a visualization tool? ? How can we balance the usefulness of a visualization tool with the time and effort required for students to learn to use it?  Build a conceptual model