Daily Warm-Up Exercises Day 24 In the limewater experiment, what did the limewater represent? What did blowing air into the limewater represent? What did the experiment show? The limewater represents ancient seawater. Blowing air into it represents marine organisms exhaling carbon dioxide. The experiment showed that CO2 reacts with limewater to form calcium carbonate. No CO2 = no calcite. What does compacted mean? to get squeezed or pressed together so it takes up less space What does cemented mean? to get stuck together What do we call a chemical that cements particles together? a cementing agent or a matrix Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1

Creating a Limestone Layer (Part 3) Investigation 5 Limestone

Limestone Ingredients What ingredient is common to all limestone? calcium carbonate (calcite) Where does the calcite come from? shells of marine organisms powder that forms when organisms exhale carbon dioxide into water that contains calcium 3 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 3

Making Limestone Add a layer of limestone to your basin Available ingredients: oyster shell pieces shell pieces clay medium grain sand fine grain sand plaster of paris

Plan Limestone Recipe Turn to the Limestone Recipe on page 39. Select and record your ingredients. The total of all materials should be 5 spoonfuls. The mixture should be thick, not runny too much water will dissolve the sandstone layer!!!!!

Daily Warm-Up Exercises Day 25 How do sedimentary rocks form? They form when particles get compacted and cemented together. How do sediments tend to settle? They settle in horizontal layers, with new layers forming on top of old layers. What does compacted mean? to get squeezed or pressed together so it takes up less space What does cemented mean? to get stuck together What do we call a chemical that cements particles together? a cementing agent or a matrix Daily Warm-Up Exercises 6 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 6

Observe Limestone How can you be sure that what you made is limestone? do an acid test Which layer in your basin is oldest? sandstone Where is it located? bottom 7 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 7

Grand Canyon Layers Which of these layers is oldest? Tapeats Sandstone 8 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 8

Grand Canyon Layers Which layer is youngest? Kaibab Limestone 9 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 9

Superposition If you wanted to find the thing that had been in a garbage can the longest, where would you look? on the bottom Superposition is the idea that rock layers get older the closer they are to the bottom. 10 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 10

Original Horizontality How do sediments tend to settle? in horizontal layers, with new layers forming on top of old layers Original horizontality is the idea that layers are deposited in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position.