Growth and Characteristics of the Medieval Town

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Growth of Agricultural Economy Population growth in the 10th Century created a demand for more land. Serfs, monks, and eventually lords supported the clearing of new lands Improvement of Agric. Techniques created higher productivity crop rotation enabled more abundant harvests diversity of domesticated animals diversify diet (ex. Fish) fertilize fields

Agricultural Technology Old Technologies Improved Expansion of watermills Heavy plows New Technologies Horseshoe Horse collar New Crops Technologies led to an increase in: Amount of land cultivators could work Speed at which work performed

Effect of Agricultural Improvements Daily Life Diversity of Diet Amount of food Population Growth 800 CE – European population ~ 29 million 1000 CE – European population ~ 36 million As the agricultural revolution occurred 44 million by 1100 reached 58 million (30% in 100 years) by 1200 79 million by 1300, 36% growth

Growth of Trade Job Specialization Supply and Demand New Trade Routes Changes in Commerce

Commercial Revolution New joint business practices Insurance for goods Credit Larger Effects on Society Decline of Serfdom New classes - Middle

Guilds – Protected Artisans’ economic interests Artisan’s organizations, early labor unions Membership Rights and Responsibilities

Now that the population of cities have increased, discuss in your groups possible effects of the growth.

BLACK DEATH!

Let’s role play You will be doing a role-play to figure out the reason for the Bubonic Plague that began around 1330. The Bubonic Plague was also known as the Black Death because of the black spots it produced on the skin. The Bubonic Plague was a terrible killer loose across Europe, and that medieval medicine had nothing to combat it. During the role-play, you will be medical examiners, from the London Board of Health. Your responsibility is to take notes during the scenes so you can help figure out the cause of this deadly disease. When taking notes, simply write the main points.

Directions: You will be assigned groups (popsicle sticks) remain in your seats and take notes until it is time for your case. Make sure you listen while others are speaking. When the role-play is complete, instruct the students not to talk about the role-play. Go through your notes individually, and hypothesize what the cause of the Bubonic Plague was. Discuss your hypothesis with your group. As a group, come to a consensus, and write one paragraph stating what the cause was and evidence that support their conclusion. The students are free to ask any of the characters questions, to clarify what has been said.

In the late fall of 1665, the death rate from the plague in London declined abruptly. People, who had evacuated the city, began to return. By 1750, the Bubonic Plague had gradually faded out in Western Europe. For the next hundred years, very few cases of the plague were reported. However, in 1894, there was a new outbreak in China. But medical science had made many advances since the time of the Black Death in London. As a result, Louis Pastuer discovered that the source of the disease was the fleas, often found on rats. Therefore, the transmission of the Bubonic Plague was from fleas to humans.

Let’s read an account Sourcing: Before we read Who wrote this? What is the author’s perspective?  Why was it written?  When was it written? Where was it written? •   Is this source reliable? Why? Why not?

Exit Ticket – 3-2-1 Three Impacts (2 negative/1 positive) of the Black Plague Two Causes of the Black Plague One Effect of the Black Plague