Features of all Cells

Anton von Leuwenhoek Danish scientist first to look at cells with a compound microscope called these animal-like cells animalcules

Robert Hooke English scientist first to look at plant cells observed a thin slice of cork saw “a lot of little boxes” coined the term “cell”

Cell Theory model that explains what we know about cells and predicts the outcomes of future observations

Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the units of structure and function in living organisms. All new cells come from cells that already exist.

Common Features of all Cells Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Ribosomes Genetic Material Limited Growth

Common Features of all Cells 1. Cell membrane encloses the cell and separates the cytoplasm from its surroundings 2. Cytoplasm fluid-filled interior of the cell

Common Features of Cells 3. Cytoskeleton fibers that help give cells shape, move, and divide 4. Ribosomes cell structures where proteins are made

Common Features of all Cells 5. Genetic Material all cells contain ___________

Common Features of all Cells 5. Genetic Material all cells contain DNA however some specialized cells later lose their DNA (human red blood cells) 6. Limited growth growth of the cell is limited before it must divide

Single vs. Multicellular Organisms Single Celled Organisms organisms that can achieve all of life's functions as one cell Examples: Bacteria, yeast, amoeba

Single vs. Multicellular Organisms a collection of one or more cells that work together to survive Examples: All plants and animals, most fungi

Single vs. Multicellular Organisms When a unicellular organism divides into two cells, what property of life is visible? Metabolism Reproduction Heredity Homeostasis Responsiveness Made up of cells Growth and Development 2. Reproduction

Single vs. Multicellular Organisms When a multicellular organism divides into two cells, what property of life is visible? Metabolism Reproduction Heredity Homeostasis Responsiveness Made up of cells Growth and Development 7. Growth and Development

Two Cell Types Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes Features genetic material is NOT contained in a nucleus nucleus - special membrane-bound structure Pro-Carry-Oats

Prokaryotes Features includes all bacteria only unicellular have adapted to many extreme environmental conditions only unicellular Pro-Carry-Oats

Prokaryotes Features thought to be the oldest forms of life have cell wall feature that provides structure and support

Prokaryotes Features most do not have internal membranes (no compartments) small in size

Prokaryotes Size

Prokaryotes Size

Prokaryotes Features most do not have internal membranes (no compartments) small in size found in Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria

Eukaryotes Features contain a nucleus which separates the genetic material from the rest of the cell You-Carry-Oats

Eukaryotes Features do have internal membranes posses compartments surrounded by membranes called organelles organelles “little organs” organelles are to a eukaryotic cell like organs are to a human body each type of organelle has a unique function

Eukaryotes larger in size may be unicellular OR multicellular found in Domain Eukarya which includes: Animals Plants Fungi Protists

Other Resources Textbook Pages 55 - 61 links on wiki