Cancer Lecture 2.

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Presentation transcript:

Cancer Lecture 2

CANCER CELLS Don’t respond to control signals Lose density-dependent inhibition Lose anchorage dependence Telomerase enzymes maintain/replace telomeres Transformation- process that changes a normal cell into a cancer cell

Telomeres protect DNA from being degraded Telomeres become shorter with each replication; shorter in older cells Telomerase enzyme lengthens telomeres Cancer cells have increased telomerase activity 2009 Nobel Prize Physiology/Medicine Discovery of Telomeres Jack Szostak Carol Greider Elizabeth Blackburn.

Most cells divide 20-50 times in culture; then stop, age, die Cancer cells are “immortal” -HeLa cells from a tumor removed from a woman (Henrietta Lacks) in 1951 are still reproducing in culture http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Info/Press/gfx/081223_cells_300.jpg