DNA: Structure

Science Fact of the Day: The tongue of a blue whale is bigger than a taxi cab, and can weigh as much as an elephant.

Happy Tuesday! Bell Work: October 8 Please draw and name the biomolecules below. Your biomolecule choices are: lipid, protein, carbohydrate. 2. 3.

You will have the next few minutes to finish your Biomolecules Sort from yesterday. This is a grade! If you were not here yesterday, get a paper from the “Monday” folder and see a teacher.

CO: I will identify the components of DNA and understand its function CO: I will identify the components of DNA and understand its function. LO: I will write notes and practice vocabulary.

So far you’ve learned about… Carbohydrates quick energy, 1:2:1, CHO Lipids Proteins, Long term energy, cell membranes, fatty acids, CHO amino acids, many different shapes, enzymes, CHON Today you’re going to learn about… Nucleic Acids---the fourth kind of biomolecule

A lesson from Jurassic Park...

The nucleic acids we’ll talk about in biology are DNA and RNA Deoxyribonucleic acid = DNA

DNA is the biomolecule used to pass on genetic information to the next generation. So…your DNA is half mom, half dad!

Let’s look at the vocabulary we’ve learned so far… Nucleic acids Deoxyribonucleic acid

The monomer of DNA is called a nucleotide, which has: 1 The monomer of DNA is called a nucleotide, which has: 1. 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) 2. phosphate group 3. nitrogenous base. This means that the elements in a nucleic acid are: C, H, O, N, and P

Let’s look at the vocabulary we’ve learned so far… Nucleotide Phosphate Deoxyribose Nitrogen (nitrogenous) base

There are 4 kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA There are 4 kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA. Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), & Thymine (T)

Let’s look at the vocabulary we’ve learned so far… Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine

DNA base pairing rule: adenine and thymine pair together with hydrogen bonds cytosine and guanine pair together with hydrogen bonds Hydrogen bonds are weak (easily broken) bonds

Let’s look at the vocabulary we’ve learned so far… Hydrogen bonds

The differently shaped bases are bonded together antiparallel to one another (5’3’) When enough bases are linked together, the DNA ladder will twist into a double helix shape.

Let’s look at the vocabulary we’ve learned so far… Double helix

In a Eukaryotic organism the DNA double helix will coil around histones (proteins) and eventually be packed together into chromosomes. DNA is found in the nucleus in Eukaryotic cells.

Let’s look at the vocabulary we’ve learned so far… Histones Nucleus

In a prokaryotic organism, DNA is found in the cytoplasm.

Important to Remember: All living things have DNA Important to Remember: All living things have DNA! Scientists refer to this as a “common genetic code” The sequence of bases matters! The order determines the organism.

Vocabulary 3 Practice Vocabulary Quiz TOMORROW!