Why Have Some Ethnicities Been Transformed Into Nationalities?

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Presentation transcript:

Why Have Some Ethnicities Been Transformed Into Nationalities? Ethnicity Why Have Some Ethnicities Been Transformed Into Nationalities?

Nationality Legal attachment & personal allegiance to a particular country legal status + cultural tradition Voting, passport, civic duties (taxes) What is your Race? Ethnicity? Nationality? Can be quite ‘muddy’ (ex. Quebecois) Be comfortable with the differences between them

Rise of Nationalities Nation-States: a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a certain ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality Desire for self-rule (self-determination) Rarely happens precisely Can you think of an example of a nation state?

Nation-States in Europe Most of W Europe was made up of NS’s by 1900 Many boundaries redrawn post WWI Nazi goal during 1930s to unite all of German speaking Europe into one state No one stepped in until they invaded Poland Start of WWII

Case Study: Denmark Almost perfect nation-state But NOT perfect…. Danish ethnicity corresponds closely with countries borders Homogeneous language/culture etc. Nearly all live in Denmark But NOT perfect…. 10% ethnic minorities Guest workers (Turkey) Refugees (Former Yugoslavia) Atlantic territories (Faeroe islands & Greenland 12% Danish pop.) Separate language/ethnicity

Nationalism Loyalty/devotion of citizens to a nationality How do we foster nationalism in Canada? Mass media important Symbols Flags, Songs (anthems), holidays Centripetal Force – attitude that tends to unify people Opposite = Centrifugal

Multinational & Multi-ethnic States A state that contains more than one ethnicity is a multi-ethnic state Belgium Flemish & Walloons Multi-national states contain 2+ ethnic groups that have traditions of self-rule & recognize each other as distinct nationalities Can cause problems United Kingdom – 4 main nationalities Canada!

Former Soviet Union 15 republics based on largest ethnicities When collapsed in 1990’s; all these became independent countries Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (all different religions – known as Baltic states) Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan & Uzbekistan (the “stans”) Azerbaijan*, Armenia*, Georgia* (aka Caucasus) Russia* Russia now largest multinational state (39)

Republics of the Soviet Union Fig. 7-11: The Soviet Union consisted of 15 republics that included the country’s largest ethnic groups. These all became independent countries in the early 1990s.

Ethnic Groups in Russia Fig. 7-12: Russia officially recognizes 39 ethnic groups, or nationalities, which are concentrated in western and southern portions of the country.