Changing/Conflicting Attitudes p. 210

More Change As societies changed, individual and group attitudes and values changed. Traditional ideas were challenged and some dropped. Fads and trendy ideas, were tried. Still, most societies were under rigid class systems.

Cult of domesticity: * the ideal woman was the woman who stayed in and managed the home. Modeled in songs, novels, magazines, slogans “home, sweet home!” Middle and upper class practice.

Temperance Movement Effort led mostly by American women for a national ban of drinking alcohol. EC: Reasons (2) Male drunken violence against women and children Loss of family income and jobs due to drunkenness.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton: in mid 1840s, Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, and she were leaders in the movement to abolish US slavery the gaining of women’s rights.

Women’s suffrage: movement to gain right to vote for women US: Seneca Falls Convention—women and men declare effort to gain women’s suffrage. Similar movements sprang up in Britain and part of Europe.

Sojourner Truth: African-American woman who spoke out against mistreatment of Blacks in America also was a proponent of women’s suffrage.

John Dalton: English Quaker school teacher who expanded ancient Greek ideas about the atom. He is considered the pioneer of the atomic theory: All matter is composed of atoms. After his work physicists and chemists pointed their attention at identifying atoms.

Charles Darwin: British naturalist (biologist). 1830s, set sail on a government-sponsored scientific voyage around the world. In 1859, he published his ideas: All forms of life, including humans, had evolved (changed slowly over time) into their present state.

Racism: belief that one race is superior to another….. “Social Darwinism” often based on unscientific or manipulated scientific evidence or theory. Used to explain the supremacy of the rich over the poor Used to explain the supremacy of Euro-American “Whites” over the other ethnic groups of the world. “Whites” will use racism to justify taking over lands owned by non-Whites and subjugating the non-Whites to work for them and buy their products imperialism.

Social gospel: Western Christian movement aimed at social work to improve the lives of those in need, even non-Westerners

homework

Standards Check, p. 211 Question: Three distinct classes: Upper Middle Lower A humorous 1960s look at the British class system; earlier

Infographic, p. 211 Questions: 1 Show only acceptable activities for women were in the home. 2 Similar: Women are performing domestic activities Different: Women shown entertaining and doing everyday chore.

Primary Source, p. 212 9/30 Question:’ She believes that an well-rounded education would prepare women for the unexpected make them more independent.

Standards Check, p. 212 Question: Women were too emotional to vote; should be protected from politics; belonged at home, not in public British farce about male domination What social class do you think the people are? Why are the men really upset at the woman’s idea (which is correct, by the way)?

Of course class systems have all but ended See how the British Lord and Lady are put out by their servants

Standards Check, p. 213 Question: Fewer children needed in farms or shops; Middle class families could send kids to school.

Image, p. 213 Question: Girls also being taught science Bright, supplied classroom

Infographic, p. 215 Questions 1 Travel let him study different varieties, This gave him ideas about survival and evolution. 2 The isolated species on the Galapagos had to adapt to the environment. The Islands were a natural laboratory.

Standards Check, p. 216 Question Research of Lyell and Darwin challenged traditional and Biblical views.

Standards Check, p. 216 Question: They worked for reform and social services

worksheet

Charles Darwin: Adaptation was based on three characteristics speed, strength, and/or intelligence Natural Selection: A species survival depended on how well it adapted to its surroundings Continuity depends on species choices/developments and environmental choices/development. The carrier pigeon The Dodo What is the idea behind Darwin’s statement, “survival of the fittest” (2) The fittest live on for generations They often determine if the weaker survive or not. Carl Sagan, Cosmos– evolution (Honors) What species that you see don’t exist anymore?

Describe Social Darwinism* (3) It is NOT a teaching of Charles Darwin Using Darwin’s theories, racists explain why certain people are better, superior to others. Use biased or bogus “scientific” studies and “evidence” to prove it. Most of the data was manipulated, racist, exaggerated, and or false.

CHEMISTRY a Russian chemist, __________, organized what was being learned about atoms, into the “periodic table of elements”. It has grown much larger since he started it. Dmitri Mendeleev,

Geology—Earth Science ____________ suggested that the Earth was over a million years old. Charles Lyell Later research suggests the Earth is some four and a half billion years old, but that life three and a half billion years old.

Social gospel: Western Christian movement efforts included: (6) Labor unions Political parties—promoting reforms in: Housing Healthcare Education Charities to help poor and sick Schools Hospitals

EC: Religion vs. Science These ideas conflicted accepted religious explanations that Earth is only a few thousand years since creation by God….. “Creation Theory”; “Intelligent Design” Discoveries by anthropologists of prehistoric human bones and cave homes in Neanderthal, in Germany, older than the religious teaching, spurred more research into the origins of human beings. Tied with Darwin’s ideas, the scientific explanation is called, “Evolution Theory”

Charles Darwin: He backed up the evolution theory with the idea of _________________ “natural selection” Life forms compete with each other for survival Environment affected survival ability depending on the life forms ability to adapt (change) Successful life forms passed on the new “traits” to their offspring.

What did Charles Darwin Mean? (4) "Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science." That people who do not know much believe they know the absolute truth and will create and believe their own “truth” rather than accept the real proof found by science.

What makes a person “better” than another. Victorian Thinking v What makes a person “better” than another? Victorian Thinking v. Modern Thinking The 19th century (5) Class Birthright Birthplace Race Religion Today (7) Income Popularity Experience/cleverness Beauty Courage/strength Race? family?

Brief Response Why are religious fundamentalists against science in today’s world?