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Get a lab paper off the front table and read over it…. GET OUT YOUR HOMEWORK… Get a lab paper off the front table and read over it…. HMWK: HMWK packet part 4 due MONDAY!!! Work on Lab… typed up lab due on Tuesday… 10-25-16.

Ionic vs Covalent Substance Lab

Substance 5- Copper Chloride Scenario: You are going to get 5 different substances and you need to be able to determine which ones contain covalent bonds and which ones contain ionic bonds. Essential Question you will be investigating: Which of the substances contains covalent bonds and which ones contain ionic bonds? Hypothesis: Write a PREDICTION that explains what substance will show which bond type each contains. You will need to have a separate hypothesis for each substance. Substance 1 – Wax Substance 2 – Starch Substance 3 – Sugar Substance 4 – Salt Substance 5- Copper Chloride

Materials Substance 1 – Wax Substance 2 – Starch Substance 3 – Sugar Substance 4 – Salt Substance 5- Copper Chloride 400 mL beaker Aluminum foil/ aluminum tray Hot plate Spoon Light bulb with prongs 100 mL graduated cylinder Room Temperature tap water Goggles

Formula: Use your research skills to determine the chemical formula for the substance. Record your answer in the observations table. Appearance: Use your observation skills to determine the appearance of the substance. Record your answer in the observations table.

Dissolving in Water / Conducts electricity in Water Begin by gathering a spoon, a 100 mL graduated cylinder and a 400 mL beaker. Place a small amount of substance #1 on the spoon and carefully place it in the beaker. Fill the graduated cylinder up to 100 mL with tap water and then pour it into the beaker. Begin stirring the solution in the beaker for 30 seconds and then let it sit for 30 seconds. Record if it dissolves or not. Now, obtain a light bulb with prongs…. Carefully place the prongs in the water. Observe if the light is given off. Record your answers in column #5. Repeat steps 1 – 5 with the remaining substances.

Melting Point Begin by gathering some aluminum foil an aluminum tray and a hot plate. Fill the tray half full of water and place it on the hot plate. Create a little foil boat to “ride” in your water bath. on your hot plate. Place the substances in each corner and the center of the foil boat. (ex. Substance 1 in corner 1 (left top) , Substance 2 in corner 2 ( right top ) etc. You can label the foil if you want. Place your boat with substances in the water bath. On the hot plate. Turn the Hot Plate on to high. #2 Watch and record when each of the substances begins to melt. Record the “Order of Melting” in your observations table.

There is an old saying….”Like dissolves like” Soluble in Hexane? There is an old saying….”Like dissolves like” Use your research skills to determine what the “value” of column 5 is on your observations table.

Ionic and Covalent Properties Table Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Property: Melting point Test: Apply heat High Melting Point Result: Won’t melt at low heat Low Melting Point Result: Will melt at low heat Property: Dissolve in water Test: Put in water Will dissolve in water Result: Will “disappear” in water Will not dissolve in water Result: will NOT “disappear” in water Property: Crystal formation Test: ?? Will form crystals Usually do not form crystals. Property: Conduct electricity Test: Will it illuminate a light bulb when dissolved in water? Will conduct electricity IF melted or dissolved in water Will never conduct electricity

Claims Evidence and Reasoning Write a paragraph explaining your results. Use as many underlined vocabulary words as you can. Be sure to include the following in your paragraph: What your claim was for each substance. Which type of bond held the atoms of each substance together. Evidence to support or refute your claim. Use your observations. (Both numbers and senses) Reasoning Explanation of what you saw happen. (Explain data and use science to explain what you know about compounds, elements, and bonding)

Get Materials and Begin Working

Answers Covalent Wax Sugar Starch Ionic Salt Copper Chloride