Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages xvi-xxiii (November 2000)

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Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages xvi-xxiii (November 2000) COLOR PLATE Cardiology Clinics Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages xvi-xxiii (November 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7 Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Automated border detection used in the long-axis view Automated border detection used in the long-axis view. The area of interest is outlined and volumes and ejection fractions are displayed continuously at the bottom of the screen. (See also page 688, Fig. 6 in article by Skiles and Griffin.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Midesophageal view of the mitral valve demonstrates acceleration of mitral inflow. (See also page 737, Fig. 8 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Midesophageal views of the mitral valve at 0° demonstrate increasing grades of mitral regurgitation from mild (A) to severe (C). (See also page 738, Fig. 9 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Eccentric and anteriorly directed mitral regurgitation resulting from posterior mitral valve prolapse. MR = mitral regurgitation; PISA = proximal isovelocity surface area. (See also page 741, Fig. 13 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Moderate mitral regurgitation resulting from papillary muscle displacement (functional MR). Because the regurgitant orifice runs along the entire coaptation line between the leaflets, the jet appears much narrower in the long-axis plane (151°) (A) than in the tri-leaflet plane (63°) (B). (See also page 742, Fig. 15 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Paravalvular leak involving the superior-lateral portion of the mitral valve annulus. (See also page 743, Fig. 16 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Severe tricuspid regurgitation resulting from tricuspid valve prolapse Severe tricuspid regurgitation resulting from tricuspid valve prolapse. (See also page 747, Fig. 20 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Tricuspic annuloplasty ring with only trivial residual tricuspid regurgitation. (Courtesy of Scott Streckerbach, MD, Boston, MA.) (See also page 748, Fig. 21 in article by Zaroff and Picard.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Pseudoaneurysm formation (arrow) is demonstrated by color Doppler imaging showing flow into the abscess cavity. (See also page 777, Fig. 2 in article by Ryan and Bolger.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Perivalvular leak associated with endocarditis noted by color flow Doppler. LA = left atrium. (See also page 778, Fig. 3 in article by Ryan and Bolger.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

A, Long-axis view of the ascending aorta at 143° with color Doppler, showing an entry site into the false lumen. Note spontaneous echo contrast (smoke) in the false lumen. B, Short-axis view at 24° of a dissection of the ascending aorta, showing the flap and the two lumina. Note spontaneous echo contrast in the false lumen. (See also page 811, Fig. 1 in article by Flachskampf and Daniel.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Dissection of the aortic arch Dissection of the aortic arch. The transducer is positioned to scan the anterior wall of the ascending aorta and the beginning of the arch. The true lumen is seen in cross-section, with flow signals. The larger false lumen surrounds the true lumen. (See also page 812, Fig. 2 in article by Flachskampf and Daniel.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

A, Long-axis view, with true lumen (bottom) with flow signals on color Doppler, and false lumen (top) lacking flow signals. B, Periaortic fluid, most likely representing a hemorrhage, surrounding a descending aortic dissection. An entry site is seen, with flow from true to false lumen. (See also page 812–813, Fig. 3 in article by Flachskampf and Daniel.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Imaging artifacts. Phantom flow in the pseudo-aorta Imaging artifacts. Phantom flow in the pseudo-aorta. (See also page 814, Fig. 4 in article by Flachskampf and Daniel.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). Pulsed-Doppler signals at the proximal portion of left anterior descending coronary artery show retrograde flow. (See also page 836, Fig. 4 in article by Youn and Foster.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Coronary artery to pulmonary artery (PA) fistula (coronary A-V fistula). Color Doppler image of coronary A-V fistula using TEE. Note fistula from the left anterior descending coronary artery to pulmonary artery (arrow). (See also page 837, Fig. 6 in article by Youn and Foster.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Color Doppler image of left main coronary artery shows flow aliasing (arrowhead). (See also page 838, Fig. 7 in article by Youn and Foster.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Atrial mass in a transplant patient Atrial mass in a transplant patient. The echo-dense structure associated wtih atrial septum at the site of anastomosis between donor and host atria, causing right atrial obstruction, was found to be hematoma. H = hematoma; RV = right ventricle. (See also page 858, Fig. 10 in article by Goldman and Foster.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Transesophageal transverse plane view of secundum atrial septal defect demonstrating left to right atrial shunting by color flow Doppler in the region of the fossa ovalis. RA = right atrium; LA = left atrium; RV = right ventricle; LV = left ventricle. (See also page 868, Fig. 5 in article by Miller-Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Transesophageal transverse plane view of primum atrial septal defect showing the extension of the defect from the lower edge of the atrial septum to the level of the atrioventricular (AV) valves and the corresponding shunt by color Doppler echocardiography. RA = right atrium; LA = left atrium; RV = right ventricle; LV = left ventricle. (See also page 870, Fig. 7 in article by Miller- Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Transesophageal transverse plane view of perimembranous ventricular septal defect with color flow Doppler demonstrating the ventricular left to right shunting. Arrows indicate the location of the ventricular septal defect near the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. RA = right atrium; LA = left atrium; RV = right ventricle; LV = left ventricle. (See also page 871, Fig. 9 in article by Miller- Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Transesophageal transverse plane view of muscular ventricular septal defect with color flow Doppler demonstrating (A) the ventricular level shunt. Arrows indicate location of the defect in the mid muscular septum. B, Corresponding transgastric short-axis view. RA = right atrium; LA = left atrium; RV = right ventricle; LV = left ventricle. (See also page 872, Fig. 10 in article by Miller- Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Transverse plane view of complete atrioventricular septal defect (AV canal defect) in end- diastolic frame (left) demonstrating the anterior bridging leaflet (arrow) and the extent of the interatrial and interventricular communications. Right, Color flow mapping of the defect shows multiple regurgitant jets through the right and left components of the common AV valve (arrows). RA = right atrium; LA = left atrium; RV = right ventricle; LV = left ventricle; ABL = anterior bridging leaflet. (See also page 874, Fig. 12 in article by Miller-Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Tetralogy of Fallot. Color flow interrogation of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) demonstrates the infundibular muscular obstruction and flow disturbance by color flow Doppler. LA = left atrium; AO = aorta; PA = pulmonary artery. (See also page 876, Fig. 14 in article by Miller- Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions

Intra-atrial baffle leak Intra-atrial baffle leak. Transverse (A) and longitudinal (B) plane views of baffle leak following Senning atrial switch procedure for d-transposition of the great arteries. Shunting can be seen across the intra-atrial baffle between the pulmonary and systemic venous atria near the level of the mitral valve. PVA = pulmonary venous atrium; SVA = systemic venous atrium; RV = right ventricle; LV = left ventricle. (See also page 882, Fig. 18 in article by Miller-Hance and Silverman.) Cardiology Clinics 2000 18, xvi-xxiiiDOI: (10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70172-7) Copyright © 2000 Terms and Conditions