Electric Power Group Presents Maximizing Use of Synchrophasor Technology for Everyday Tasks Welcome! The meeting will begin at 2:00 p.m. EDT / 11:00 a.m. PDT Oct. 12, 2016 Today’s Topic: System Model Validation for NERC MOD-33 Requirements Registration URL: https://electricpowergroup2.webex.com/ Webinar Teleconference Number: 1-650-479-3208 Access code: 669 660 762 Please mute your phone during the presentation. We will encourage discussion at planned QA session. Thank you for your cooperation. For any technical issues with this webinar, please contact Kosareff@electricpowergroup.com or call (626) 685–2015

Maximizing Use of Synchrophasor Technology for Everyday Tasks System Model Validation for NERC MOD-33 Requirements Webinar Oct 12, 2016 Presented by Douglas Selin, Bajarang Agrawal, APS Prashant C. Palayam, Kevin Chen, EPG

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved Outline DRAFT Background NERC MOD-033-1: Steady-State and Dynamic System Model Validation Standard, Requirements, Criteria & Metrics Example of Model Validation Process – APS Experience WECC Guidelines Reliability Coordinator Level Planning Coordinator Level APS Demo using Microsoft Excel Model Validation Using Phasor Grid Dynamics Analyzer (PGDA) Data Collection Method – PMU and Simulated PGDA Steps – time alignment, calculating missing metrics, mapping signals, recursive validation Example – Unit Trip Event Findings/Observations Demo Using PGDA Discussion Your Practice, Use Cases, Suggestions Summary © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved Background NERC MOD-033-1 becomes enforceable 7/1/2017 WECC and Peak RC are developing a process to provide basecase for model validation APS and EPG discussed use of EPG tools for model validation August 11, 2016 - EPG demonstrated model validation using PGDA and APS demonstrated model validation using Microsoft Excel August 16, 2016 – EPG illustrated ability to load PSLF Channel file data into PGDA using a sample dataset August 25, 2016 – EPG was provided with unit trip event from both PSLF and PMU to demonstrate the complete process of model validation using PGDA September 6, 2016 – EPG illustrated methodology and demonstrated model validation process using PGDA for their event APS adopting EPG methodology for model validation using PGDA Today – APS and EPG will share our experience © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Example Of Model Validation Process © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Steady-State and Dynamic System Model Validation - Standard Number: MOD-033-1 Purpose: To establish consistent validation requirements to facilitate the collection of accurate data and building of planning models to analyze the reliability of the interconnected transmission system Applicability: Planning Coordinator Reliability Coordinator (RC) Transmission Operator (TOP) © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved MOD-033-1 Requirements Planning Coordinator Shall: Implement a documented a Data Validation Process that includes Performance Comparison of power flow model to actual system behavior Performance Comparison of dynamics model to actual system response Guidelines to determine unacceptable discrepancies during comparison Guidelines to resolve unacceptable differences in performance Use a dynamic local event or wide area event having measurable transient response Closing a transmission line near a generating plant (local event) Oscillation event between a generator and the system (local event) Local response to wide area event Validate models at least once every 24 calendar months More frequent validation is encouraged © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

MOD-033-1 Specifications for Criteria and Metrics Modify & Match Planning Simulation with State Estimator case or measured values prior to disturbance: System Load Transmission Topology and Parameters Voltages at Major Buses Flows on major transmission elements Metrics for Dynamic Comparison: Voltage oscillations at major buses System frequency Real and Reactive Power Oscillations on lines, ties, and generating units © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

WECC Guideline In Development for MOD-033-1 Compliance Further Investigation with MVWG & TOPs 8 Selects a disturbance 1 Repeat At Least Once Every 24 Months, MVWG to provide 2 events per year Unsatisfactory MVWG WECC Staff Validate Dynamic Response 7 Satisfactory 2 Peak RC WECC Staff State Estimator (SE), SCADA, PMU data collection used to simulate event Planning Coordinators TOPs Create Comprehensive switching sequence 6 PCs review and provide feedback (4 week time period). WECC issues final case. WECC Staff WECC Staff Create or Select dynamic data file 5 3 Modify & Match WECC Planning case to SE prior to disturbance WECC Staff Validate Steady State Model 4 © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Examples of WECC Level Comparison © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Validation Process at Planning Coordinator Level – MOD-033-1 4 PCs Correct model or data WECC Validated Dynamic Response case available to PCs 1 PCs 3 Validate local response or Identify unsatisfactory correlation 2 PCs Download case and make local adjustments as needed PMU Data © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Examples of APS Model Validation © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Conclusions and Summary of Steps WECC/MVWG plays a big role in creating cases for model validation which PCs can use. Peak RC state estimator and SCADA data used to initially create a case for a large system wide event (*WSM case). Initial comparison to PMU data is made. WECC uses WSM case to create planning case and does an overall system validation WECC provides validated planning case to individual PCs Individual PCs contribute and refine the case PCs then use the case to do model validation of their local system. * West-wide System Model, also referred to as WWSM © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved APS Demo Using Microsoft Excel © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Model Validation Using PGDA Data Collection, Methodology, Demo, Findings/Observations © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Data Collection Disturbance PMU data Simulated data Data Source Database – PI, eDNA, SQL, Oracle, Phasor Archiver Dynamic Simulation Tools Data Extraction Tools e.g. ePDE PSLF, PSS/E, Power World, ePHASORSim, RTDS Input Start and End Time Planning Power Flow Model, Dynamic Data File and Event Sequence Event Sequence for dynamic simulation N/A Event Analysis Tools e.g. PGDA © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Model Validation Using PGDA – 8 Steps Generate Report *.chf *.txt *.p Extract simulated data into CSV file 8 PSLF Repeat At Least Once Every 24 Months Generate Analysis Template for model validation 1 7 PSS/E *.out *.csv 2 Next iteration of same event after tuning models Identify unacceptable discrepancies by location and metric Load into PGDA with an identifier 6 PMU data 5 PMU Voltage & Current Phasors Map signals from simulated and PMU data using Plot analysis 3 Time Synchronize event start time using crosshair and GUI Calculate Generator and Line power flows using Pseudo signal calculator MW & MVAR 4 © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Unit Trip – 345kV Bus Frequency Comparison Using Plot Analysis 18 mHz Detrending by First Value Dynamic Steady State 23 mHz 10 mHz © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Unit Trip – 500kV Bus Voltage Comparison Using Plot Analysis Steady State Dynamic Detrending by First Value 7 kV 1 kV © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Unit Trip – 345kV Bus Voltage Comparison Using Plot Analysis Steady State Detrending by First Value Dynamic 11 kV 1 kV © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Unit Trip – 345kV Line Real Power (MW) Comparison Using Plot Analysis Steady State Dynamic 63 MW 125 MW © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved Unit Trip – 345kV Line Reactive Power (MVAR) Comparison Using Plot Analysis 16.5 MVAR 1.2 s 13 MVAR 1.4 s © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Findings/Observations Steady-State Dynamic Match Unit Trip Bad Good Acceptable Voltages Best Fit Frequency, Reactive Power Unacceptable Real Power ** Metrics Steady State Dynamic (Diff in Rate of Change during First Transient Response) (First Transient Rise Time of Simulation Response is within x% of Actual Response) (Oscillatory Behavior – Diff in Frequency of Oscillation & Damping %) Frequency < 20mHz (vary based on interconnection) < 20% < 0.1Hz, < 1% for not well damped conditions Voltage < 1 % of base kV Power Flows < 5% of Line Ratings < 10 MW < 10 MVAR ** Criteria used here may not reflect in your interconnection. © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved EPG Demo Using PGDA © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved Q&A, Discussion Your Practice, Use Cases, Suggestions © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved Q&A, Discussion Q&A Model Validation Your Practices Use Cases Pain Points Suggestions Next Webinar Focus Priority Other topics © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved EPG Webinar Series Configuring alarms and validate parameters to provide meaningful results for operators. (Nov 16) Mining large data archives for events of different types, e.g. oscillations, generator trips, etc. Using alarms & events for proactive actions. Providing secure remote access to users in real-time for monitoring and diagnostics during normal times and emergencies. Sending data & alarms to EMS. Leveraging existing one-line diagrams to map synchrophasor data. Extending grid synchrophasor observability with Linear State Estimation technology. Other topics? Extracting large amounts of synchrophasor data efficiently for offline analysis. (August 2016) Quickly creating an event report that could be distributed to operators, engineers and managers. (Sept. 2016) System Model Validation for MOD-33 Requirement (Oct. 12) © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved Summary NERC MOD-033-1: Steady-State and Dynamic System Model Validation Example of Model Validation Process – APS Experience WECC Guidelines APS Demo using Microsoft Excel Model Validation Using PGDA Data Collection Method – PMU and Simulated PGDA Steps – time alignment, calculating missing metrics, mapping signals, recursive validation © Electric Power Group 2016. All rights reserved

Thank you for participating! If you have any questions regarding any part of the course, please contact us at Contact@electricpowergroup.com http://electricpowergroup.com/webinars.html 201 S. Lake Ave., Ste. 400 Pasadena, CA 91101 626-685-2015