Adverbs of degree They modify the intensity of an adjective or describe how much something is done. extremely, incredibly, very much, a lot a little, a bit

Adverbs of manner They describe how somebody does something. slowly, easily, healthily, quickly, seriously

Adverbs of frequency Indefinite frequency: never, hardly ever, sometimes*, often, usually*, always, occasionally*, normally* Definite frequency: three times a week, twice a day

Comment or viewpoint adverbs They express the speaker’s opinion about something unfortunately, ideally, clearly, luckily, obviously, apparently, surprisingly, to be honest, in theory, naturally, to my disappointment, strangely enough, to put it simply

Possible positions for adverbs Front position: before everything else Mid position: the position of not (or after not, in a negative sentence) End position: After the verb phrase (verb + objects)

Adverbs of manner slowly, easily, healthily, quickly, seriously I read the e-mail carefully. I walked home very slowly. I slowly opened the door. This position [before the verb] is possible when you’re narrating a story, usually in written language.

Adverbs of frequency Indefinite frequency: never, hardly ever, sometimes*, often, usually*, always, occasionally*, normally* I sometimes* go to nightclubs. Definite frequency: three times a week, twice a day I go to the doctor once a year.

Comment or viewpoint adverbs unfortunately, ideally, clearly, luckily, obviously, apparently, surprisingly, to be honest, in theory, naturally, to my disappointment, strangely enough, to put it simply Unfortunately, I didn’t have enough time to study for the test. To be honest, I found the subject too boring, but, surprisingly, I did very well.

Adverbs of degree extremely, incredibly, very The test is incredibly easy. [before the term it modifies] much, a lot I like studying very much. [after the verb phrase] a little, a bit I’m a little worried about the test. I studied only a little. [These adverbs can be in any of the two positions for degree adverbs, depending on what they do in the sentence.]

ADVERBS OF DEGREE Really, almost and nearly are degree adverbs, and they always come before the term they modify: I nearly crashed my car. [nearly modifies crashed] The fuel tank is almost full. [almost modifies full] I really love studying grammar! [really modifies love]

ADVERBS OF TIME They usually go in end position; front position is possible when I want to contrast a new time reference with a previous one. I went to the cinema yesterday. Yesterday I stayed up late, but today I’m going to bed at 9.30.

ADVERBS OF TIME They can’t usually be in mid position, except for the following adverbs, which are often in mid position: now, already, finally, recently, soon, still, just I have just had lunch. We have now finished unit 2.

ADVERBS OF TIME The following adverbs can ONLY be in end position: daily, hourly, weekly, monthly I go to work daily. We write reports weekly.

FOCUS ADVERBS The really important focus adverbs are: even, just and only They USUALLY go in mid position: I have only studied lessons 1A and 1B. I have even done the extra exercises.

ORDER OF ADVERBS When you have lots of adverbs in end position, they follow this sequence: manner >>> place >>> time She danced beautifully at the ballet last week.

ORDER OF ADVERBS Another thing you have to take into consideration is the length of the elements at the end of the sentence. A long adverb (or a long object) tends to be placed after the other elements, even if that breaks the usual word order [object>>>manner>>>place>>>time] He was arrested last week at the customs desk of Bangkok international airport. She left at 3 a.m. with a great deal of noise. This is extra information, so you don’t have to worry about this on yout test.