Five-Year Follow-up After Heart Valve Replacement With the CarboMedics Bileaflet Prosthesis Suzanne M. Rödler, MD, Anton Moritz, MD, Wolfgang Schreiner,

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Five-Year Follow-up After Heart Valve Replacement With the CarboMedics Bileaflet Prosthesis Suzanne M. Rödler, MD, Anton Moritz, MD, Wolfgang Schreiner, MD, Adelheid End, MD, Peter Dubsky, MD, Ernst Wolner, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 63, Issue 4, Pages 1018-1025 (April 1997) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4

Fig. 1 Causes of valve disease. Sixteen patients (2.7%) had been reoperated on because of paravalvular leakage or endocarditis of mechanical prostheses; 48 patients (8.2%) had previous bioprostheses. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)

Fig. 2 Distribution of valve sizes implanted in both the aortic and mitral position. Most frequently used sizes were 27 mm and 29 mm in the mitral and 21 mm and 23 mm in the aortic position. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)

Fig. 3 Survival with and without operative mortality after 5 years of follow-up. 3.1%/pt/yr refers to the linearized incidence of occurrence. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)

Fig. 4 Survival curves. Upper curve shows the survival probability of age- and sex-matched Austrian population. Lower curve shows survival 5 years after heart operation. 2.3%/pt/yr refers to the linearized incidence of occurrence. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)

Fig. 5 Survival according to valve site. 2.6%/pt/yr refers to the linearized incidence of occurrence. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)

Fig. 6 Event-free and yearly incidence of thromboembolic and anticoagulant-related hemorrhage. 1.6%/pt/yr refers to the linearized incidence of occurrence. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)

Fig. 7 New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class status before and 1 and 4 years after operation. There was no significant change in the profile of functional class after the initial improvement. The vertical axis depicts the percentage of patients in each functional class during the specific time periods. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 63, 1018-1025DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00174-4)