DO NOW!!! What type of cell is each one of these pictures? Describe each!

Archaea, Bacteria, and Viruses Unit 2 Lesson 1

Prokaryotes Prokaryotes – no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Single-celled micro-organisms – cant be seen with the naked eye Divided into two domains, Bacteria and Archaea.

Bacteria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCn92mbWxd4 Most prokaryotes = bacteria (single celled micro-organisms) Domain Bacteria - more individuals than all other domains combined do. Usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division.

Producers, consumers, & decomposers Bacteria consumers - get nutrients by feeding on other organisms. (Heterotroph) Some bacterial consumers are decomposers, which feed on dead organisms. Others live in or on another organism. Bacteria producers - make their own food. Use energy from sunlight to make food, and are often green. (Autotroph)

Bacteria Some stick together to form strands or films but function as independent organisms. Take in nutrients Release energy from food Get rid of waste Grow

Bacteria Shape A rigid cell wall gives bacteria their shape. Each shape helps bacteria in a different way. Spiral shape (Spirilla) – bacteria moves like a corkscrew Rod shaped (Bacilli) – helps bacteria quickly absorb nutrients Round shape (Cocci) – bacteria do not dry out quickly

Where are bacteria found? Almost everywhere on Earth. Found breaking down dead material in soil Making nitrogen available inside plant roots Breaking down nutrients in animal and human intestines.

When conditions improve - endospores break open and bacteria become active again.

Discover your microbe personality: Which microbe are you? Got to this website: http://cmore.soest.hawaii.edu/education/kidskorner/microbe_quiz.htm Take the online quiz for grades 6 and up. What microbe are you? Research what type of bacteria you are: Helpful or Harmful and Why?

HW Summarize pages 80 – 83 and complete questions #6 – 11.

DO NOW!!! Watch this video to learn about the domain archaea. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2IGKv8kiMqY

Domain Archaea http://www.microbeworld.org/types-of-microbes/archaea GO to this link, research Domain Archaea, and answer these questions: What are the three main types? How are they characterized? Why are they different from bacteria? What do they look like? What do they eat? How old are they?

Archaea Genetically very different from bacteria and have unique chemicals in their cell walls. Characteristics include: Get energy Reproduce Many can move Many unique molecular traits. Some molecules are similar to molecules in eukaryotes, while others are not found in living things.

Extremely acidic or salty habitats.

Yellowstone National Park - Emerald Pool in the Black Sand Geyser Basin. Archea bacterial growth in the water gives the deep green color.

Bacteria & Archaea Reproduction = Binary Fission

Asexual Reproduction STEP 1 3 Ways Bacteria Acquire New Genetic Information Transformation Transduction Conjugation

Transformation & Transduction Transformation - bacteria take up DNA from the environment. Transduction - virus injects DNA into a bacterium. Conjugation - two bacteria join and a plasmid transfers from one to the other.

HW Summarize pages 84 to 86 and complete questions 13 – 15.

DO NOW!!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruBcSCOLq5Q What the heck is a virus?

Virus Microscopic particle - cannot replicate on its own. Needs to get inside or injects a cell with its DNA, often destroying the cell. Cause diseases - common cold, flu, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) Infects - people, plants, animals, and prokaryotes.

Are Viruses Alive? Viruses - genetic material + protein but does not perform any life functions. Viruses do not use energy from nutrients maintain homeostasis Grow respond to stimuli such as light, sound, or touch. Cannot function on its own. Can only replicate inside a cell it infects.

How do viruses replicate? Only replicate in a living cell (host – living thing that a virus or parasite uses for resources or shelter) Attach to specific types of host cells and invade them. Many viruses cannot be spread from one type of organism to another. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rpj0emEGShQ

Lysis

Lytic Cycle The new viruses - search for new host cells Some viruses insert - genes into the host cell which remain dormant (inactive for a long time) When the genes do become active, they begin the lytic cycle and make copies of the virus. (HIV +AIDS)

Research a Virus Discussion about viruses. Zika Virus Ebola HIV – AIDS Chickenpox –Shingles Etc.

Virus Diseases http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2014/oct/22/ebola-virus-how-it-spreads-video - EBOLA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRv19gkZ4E0 – EBOLA EXPLAINED https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mj9SUJdpJS4 - OUTBREAK https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHtC1JpAQPI – HIV & AIDS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqUFy-t4MlQ – SMALLPOX

Activity Turn to page 87 in your textbook and read about THE FLU. Answer question 16 when your done reading.

HW Complete the Lesson 1 Review on Page 91.

Glow Germs Activity Virus Infection Game DO NOW Glow Germs Activity Virus Infection Game VICE: Killing Cancer by using Viruses