Sub-aerial processes (v submarine processes) Weathering, wave erosion, wind erosion, mass movement (slumping, rock falls)

http://geology.com/articles/yosemite-rockfall.shtml

NB joints

This is a rather large joint. We call it by a different name – what? ...a Fault ...a F ...though a fault is not just a large joint – a fault is where the rocks have moved on either side [when they move they cause an earthquake – though most faults in Britain are not active like the San Andreas and Hayward Faults (and many others) in California]

The influence of joints and faults (wording from Spec) Main thing = line of weakness for.... Hydraulic action, leading to... Caves, arches, stacks Freeze-thaw, leading to... Rock falls

Chalk

Discordant coasts

Longshore drift Now draw this waves Direction of LsD swash Sand particle backwash waves Now draw this

What is the direction of longshore drift in these pics?

Rubbish??!!

                                                                   

Coastal Processes and Key Terms Test p70-75 Coastal Processes and Key Terms What is the difference between erosion and weathering? (2 marks)

Name these erosion processes Waves erode the coast in 5 main ways: The waves ‘bash’ sand and stones against the cliffs As seawater is acidic, it dissolves the cliffs away The water itself forces cracks apart As the waves come up and down the beach, stones knock into each other The waves scrape stones along the sea bed

What process makes the shingle on a beach smooth and rounded? What is the term used for processes like weathering and mass-movement, which happen above sea level? What sort of mass-movement is shown in the photo? Is chalk a relatively hard or soft rock?

11. What is feature 6 / D?

12. What is this feature?

13 14

15. This is Lulworth Cove. Explain how it formed.

16 17

20 18 Sand particle 19 waves

What is the direction of longshore drift in this photo? What is the wooden fence called? Why is it there? (3 marks)

What is the geographical term for this feature? What is this one called? Put these in the right order to explain its formation (2) a. there is a change in the angle of the coast b. wind and waves come from the NE c. mud gets deposited in the sheltered water behind the curved feature, causing a marsh d. the sand and shingle are carried out into the estuary e. causing longshore drift to carry sand and shingle SE along the coast f. it curves back as the waves are stronger in the deeper water