Metabolism Energy of Life.

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Presentation transcript:

Metabolism Energy of Life

Metabolic Pathways Anabolic Pathways Catabolic Pathways

Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy

First Law of Thermodynamics Energy can be transferred or transformed but it cannot be created or destroyed

Second Law of Thermodynamics Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the Universe

Free Energy Gibbs Equation DG = DH – TDS DG – Change in Free energy DH – Change in Total energy T – Absolute temperature in Kelvin DS – Change in Entropy

Free Energy and Metabolism

Free Energy and Metabolism Exergonic Reactions Release of energy -DG Spontaneous Downhill More energy in reactants than in products Ex. Cellular Respiration -686 kcal/mol Ex. ATP  ADP + P -7.3 kcal/mol Endergonic Reactions Absorbs energy +DG Nonspontaneous Uphill More energy in products than in reactants Ex. Photosynthesis +686 kcal/mol Ex. ADP + P  ATP +7.3 kcal/mol

Enzymes Biological Catalyst Speed up metabolic reactions by lowering the energy of activation

Enzymes Substrate Specific Active Site Induced Fit Recycled

Enzymes Inhibitors Competitive Noncompetitive

Enzymes Allosteric Sites Cooperativity

Feedback Inhibition Pathway switched off

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