Reproductive Organ Anatomy

Female Reproductive Organs

Ovaries Made up of two layers: Medulla: Middle layer filled with blood vessels and nerves surrounded by connective tissue Cortex: Outer layer that contains the eggs called ova Produce eggs as well as estrogen and progesterone

Uterine Tubes Passageway to the uterus and provide a place for fertilization Parts: Fimbriae Infundibulum Ampulla Isthmus

Uterus Three Sections: Layers: Fundus Body Cervix Perimetrium – connective tissue Myometrium – smooth muscle Endometrium – mucous membrane Basal Layer – Regenerates endometrium each month Functional Layer – Shed each month

Vagina Connects cervix to exterior

Male Reproductive Organs

Testes Tunica albuginea: Protective covering around the outside Seminiferous Tubules: Sperm formation Interstitial Cells: Create testosterone

Duct System Rete testis: Where sperm is dumped after it is formed by seminiferous tubules Epididymis: Storage for immature sperm while they mature ~ 20 days Vas Deferens: Transport mature sperm from testes to urethra

Urethra Tube that carries both semen and urine to the tip of the penis Contains a sphincter at the base of it to ensure that only sperm or urine can pass at one time

Semen Production and Expulsion Seminal Vesicle: Secretes 60% of semen Nutrients and protective chemicals for sperm Prostate Gland: Secretes 40% of semen Fluid that activates sperm Muscle to help propel semen down urethra Bulbourethral Gland: Secretes fluid that passes down the urethra before the semen to clean it and act as a lubricant