MUH Music History I “Polyphony to 1300”

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Presentation transcript:

MUH 3211 - Music History I “Polyphony to 1300” 12/1/2018 Chapter 2 “Polyphony to 1300” DAY 9 (25 Sep 17)

Cathedral of Notre Dame (Paris) Notre Dame Organum New Building - begun in 1163 Magnus Liber Organi (not an actual book) (3 primary sources) Extensive repertoire of polyphonic mass pieces - 2vv = Léonin - 3vv & 4 vv = Perotin Described by Anonymous IV Cathedral of Notre Dame (Paris)

Notre Dame (Paris) Nave MUH 3211 - Music History I Notre Dame (Paris) Nave 12/1/2018 DAY 9 (25 Sep 17)

Léonin (fl. c. 1150s – 1201) Two-voice organum Two types Free/unmeasured (no meter) Measured (rhythmicized) - “Discant Organum” Chant in lower voice Léonin - Christmas Mass (Gradual: “Viderunt Omnes” – 8:07) Anthology I/11 Wolfenbüttel 628 = W1 (25r)

Perotin (fl. c. 1200) Quadrupla and Tripla Lowest voice holds the Chant (tenore) Upper voices move rhythmically “Rhythmic Modes” - based on ligatures Perotin - "Viderunt omnes" (quadrupla) Anthology I/12 Florence I.29 = “F” (1r)

Clausula Discant organum - rhythmicized Self-contained musical unit (based on text) Substitute sections - “assemble” the mass - all text performed Ex. Clausula on “Dominus” (for Gradual: “Haec dies”) – Anthology I/13 “in seculum” clasulae

Motet Factum est salutare / Dominus (Anthology I/14) Clausula re-texted (!) “mot” [Fr.] = “word” [Eng.] Chant fragment at bottom Duplum (motetus) above 3vv Motets add Triplum Polytexts (multiple languages) Super Te / Sed fulsit / Dominus (Anthology I/15) A Paris / On Parole / Frese nouvelle (Anthology I/16)

Mensural Notation Limits of “rhythmic modes” (early 13th c) Franco of Cologne (Franconian notation) - Ars cantus mensurabilis (c. 1260-1280) Assigns note values to specific shapes (!) - Long – Breve – Semibreve Divisions are either duple or triple (see textbook) - triple is “perfection” Petrus de Cruce (c. 1280) (Petronian notation) - allows up to 9 semibreves in a breve - adds minum and semiminum