Biology: What are the parts? Science all related, biochem…
Biological Components Atom: the basic unit of matter Element: pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom (periodic table of elements) SHOW GRAPHIC THINGYYYYY
Biological Components Molecule: two or more atoms joined together (examples: water molecule, H2) Compound: formed by two or more elements in a set proportion (H2O, NOT H2, NaCl)
Biological Components Macromolecule: large molecules composed of thousands, hundreds of thousands of molecules, formed through polymerization of monomers to polymers. Cell: basic unit form of life, smallest unit an organism can be to be considered alive
Word Roots Mono: one Poly: many -mer: part Macro: large
Source of Energy We get our energy from the outside environment. Thus, we get our energy from our food.
Living things! All living things are made up from carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
Hierarchy of Life
Macromolecules Example: links in a chain Monomer: Polymer: Polymerization:
Macromolecules Example: links in a chain Monomer: individual link Polymer: links together Macromolecule: the chain Polymerization: the process of making the chain
Macromolecules Macromolecules are composed of single molecules. Macromolecules form from monomers linking together in a process called polymerization. The product of several monomers is called a polymer.
Macromolecules Think and share: What is another analogy for monomers making up macromolecules?
4 Macromolecule Types 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids
1. Carbohydrates Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy. Carbohydrates are sugars.
2. Lipids Lipids are used to store energy, and are important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings.
3. Proteins Proteins can… control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes. form bones and muscles. transport substances into or out of cells to help fight disease.
4. Nucleic Acids store and transmit genetic information (DNA/RNA)
Class of Organic Compounds Carbohydrate Nucleic Acid Protein Monomer Nucleotide Polymer Fats, Waxes, Oils, Steroids