Venice RSS – 2012 Session 3 Contribute to Maritime Security beyond MSO: new legal instruments, effective capacity building, enhanced situational awareness. Maritime Situational Awareness Min. Plen. Giovanni Brauzzi, Deputy Director General for Political and Security Affairs, Principal Director for Security, Desarmament and Non Proliferation. Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Towards an olistic approach to security Need to merge different approaches to security, on the internal and on the external side. Need to combine the most urgent measures and the medium and long term responses. Need to define a multi-disciplinary, olistic, comprehensive, integrated approach. Two complementary trends: on one hand, the reductio ad unum in a single strategy; on the other hand, a proliferation of actors, fields of intervention, initiatives etc. Consistency to be found in a unified leadership and in a dynamic coordination. The risk of crazy/split mayonnaise sauce if the amalgamation process is not successful.

The international strategic framework Present threats and challanges (terrorism, proliferation, regional conflicts, ethnic tensions, organized crime, narcotics, illegal immigration, piracy etc.) Medium and long term risks (energy security, cybersecurity, climate security etc.) Advantages of prevention in a shared management of risks and threats, through the appropriate awareness and participation mechanisms.

National interests to be safeguarded Defence of population and territory. Law and order. Foster national prosperity and wellbeing. Security of energy and commodities flows. Freedom of SLOCs. Good relations with neighbouring and adjacent States. Promotion of trade and investments. Security of communications. Critical infrastructures and public services proper functioning.

Maritime surveillance is a sine qua non for prevention and response to security incidents. Comprehensive approach to surveillance: Integration through a Common Information Sharing Environment ( CISE ) under the Integrated Maritime Policy for the EU Political : European Security Strategy. Internal Security Strategy - The basis for concerted action to address common security challenges Regulatory : mainly maritime transport legislation - Extensive legislation by IMO and EU to address ships and port security. How to combine need to know and responsibility to share ? Technical : Building new surveillance capabilities mainly based on satellite technologies (GMES, satellite imagery, Galileo, LRIT, SAT- AIS…) Towards an enhanced European Maritime Situational Awareness

Context and challenges Surveillance activities are carried out by States but most of the activities and threats that they address are transnational in nature. Within most States surveillance activities concerning fisheries, the environment, policing of the seas including traffic monitoring, or border control fall under the responsibility of several different enforcement agencies operating independently from each other. The aim of integrated maritime surveillance is to generate a situational awareness of activities at sea, impacting on maritime safety and security, border control, maritime pollution and marine environment, fisheries control, general law enforcement, defence trade and economy

Reporting IMINT VMS Satellite AIS Fax Radio Radar FLIR Visual UAS Airborne Coastal ELINT Acoustic SIGINT HUMINT Fishing licenses Ship register Ports info Liaison VTS Satellite AIS SSAS LRIT GMDSS SAR ISAR SONAR UUV Ship- borne Intel Platforms Decisions – Actions Better Governance Communi- cations HF-radar Criminal registers European Atlas of the Seas Marine data Data bases Data fusion & sharing Sensors Context and challenges The Big Technological Picture

Context and challenges: CISE Roadmap We are here BluemassMed MARSUNO (MS/AGs/Com) CISE Roadmap + sectoral dvpts White Paper Impact Assessment Cooperation Test CISE Legislation CISE 2020 (MS/Com) (Com/MSEG) (TAG/MSEG/Com) Value Added: Effectiveness Cost efficiency Safer, more secure and cleaner seas EU digital society Sustainable growth Coordination MSEG Studies: Technical Legal Cost/benefit Social Environmental Six Steps (TAG): 1: Users 2: Gaps 3: Security 4: Technical 5: Access rights 6: Legal

To conclude, two quotations from the old Mediterranean wisdom Homo sum. Nihil humani a me alienum puto. Panta rei. What do these sentences mean for us today ? If you live close to the sea, you work on the sea, you rely on the resources of the sea, nothing pertaining to the sea should be foreign to you. Everything is in constant flow, especially on the sea. Better being prepared than being kept by surprise