More on hydraulics

Review There are 3 phases of matter: Solids, liquids, and gases. Fill in the table on your handout.

Sliding, rolling over each other Moving freely   Solid Liquid Gas Distance between particles Close Far apart Attraction forces between particles Very strong Meh (not as strong) Weak Movement of particles Vibrating only Sliding, rolling over each other Moving freely Shape of the matter The shape of the object The shape of the container Volume of the matter The volume of the shape Volume of the liquid Volume of the container

Remember… Liquids and gases are fluids. Liquids always keep the same volume. They cannot be squeezed into a smaller place. This is why we call them non-compressible fluids. Gases can be squeezed into a smaller space, so they are called compressible fluids.

Pressure Pressure is the amount of force applied perpendicularly to a surface. The standard unit of pressure is the Pascale (Pa).

Force A push or a pull, that changes the motion of an object. Gravity and friction are examples. The standard unit of force is the Newton (N).

Calculating force P is: F is: A is:

The effect of surface area If pressure is spread out over a large area, there is ____________ force.   If pressure is spread out over a small area, there is ____________ force.

The effect of surface area If pressure is spread out over a large area, there is reduced force.   If pressure is spread out over a small area, there is increased force.