Do Now Take out last night’s homework so I can check it. Which of the following are probably carbohydrates? C6H12O6 B. C6H14 C5H10O5 D. Xylose E. Xylase

Proteins This is the enzyme we’ll be using in a lab later this week. What do you think it looks like?

Proteins have many different functions and structures. Proteins do most of the “work” a cell needs to stay alive!

Proteins are macromolecules made up of amino acids.

There are 20 different amino acids commonly found in nature.

Proteins are complex molecules

Here’s an amino acid *Hydrogen atoms not shown Forms 2 bonds to other amino acids. Called peptide bonds This part is different for each kind of amino acid.

Peptide bonds form by a dehydration synthesis reaction – JUST LIKE POLYSACCHARIDES!

Proteins are made of 1 or more polypeptides (polypeptide = single chain of amino acids)

Pectinase is the protein we’ll be using in the lab.

Pectinase attaches to pectin at the active site…

…And then breaks a bond in the polysaccharide!

Many proteins (like Pectinase) are enzymes Many proteins (like Pectinase) are enzymes. Enzymes speed up all different kinds of reactions!

ENZYME SUBSTRATE

SUBSTRATE Enzyme Enzymes are very selective about which substrates they bind. In other words, They’re Specific. Enzyme

4 Levels of Protein Structure