Subjects and Predicates

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Presentation transcript:

Subjects and Predicates Sean Tovin 1st Academic Brumfield

Subject and Predicate Intro. Every sentence has a subject and predicate that form a thought. The simple subject and simple predicate are found in the actual subject and predicate. For example: “My room smells like fish.” Simple Subject Simple Predicate

Subject

What exactly is the subject? A subject is a person, place, thing, or idea that’s doing/ being something. The simple subject usually is a noun or pronoun. ALL languages with arguments have subjects.

Subject Verb Inversion A subject- verb inversion happens when normal order of the subject and the verb is disturbed, only occasionally, but under several circumstances. Ex: “Jim sat under the table. Under the table, sat Jim.” Subject Verb Inversion

Subject- Verb Agreement It’s as simple as…. Singular verbs require singular subjects, and plural subjects require plural verbs. EX 1: Some of the cookies are gone. EX 2: Some of the chocolate is eaten.

Forms of a Subject Form of subject Example Noun (phrase) or pronoun The large car stopped outside our house. A gerund (phrase) His constant hammering was annoying. A to-infinitive (phrase) To read is easier than to write. A full that-clause That he had traveled the world was known to everyone. A free relative clause Whatever he did was always of interest. A direct quotation I love you is often heard these days. Zero (but implied) subject Take out the trash! An expletive It is raining. A cataphoric it It was known by everyone that he had traveled the world.

PREDICATES

Predicates The purpose of a predicate is to modify the subject. It is the completer of the sentence. The linking verb connects the subject and predicate Simple Predicate A simple predicate consists of only a verb, verb string, or compound verb. It is made up of (two or more) such predicates connected.

Predicate Adjective The predicate adjective is the adjective that functions as a predicate. Ex 1: Grapes become shriveled in the sun. Shriveled is the Predicate adjective in the sentence. Ex 2: The family kept calm. (calm is the predicate adjective)

Greg Carlson’s Predicate Types Stage Level Predicate- The temporary stage of it’s subject. EX: “John is hungry” usually last for a temporary period of time. Individual Level Predicates- True throughout an individual’s existence. EX: “John is smart” This is a characteristic of John and stays the same regardless of the point in time.

Greg Carlson's Predicate Types Part 2 Kind Level Predicates- True of a kind, but cannot be applied to individual members. EX: Humans are widespread. Non EX: Bob is widespread. Collective VS. Distributive Predicates- Collective predicates require predicates to be somehow plural. EX 1: Meet in the treehouse. EX 2: Carry the shelf together.

To Conclude…. All in all, subjects and predicates are in every day writing/ grammar, and it is important to understand and know things like a subject verb inversion, a predicate adjective, the simple predicate and simple subject, and common facts about the two. Hopefully this review helped you learn more about these specific topics in grammar, and if you want extra an idea on how well you understood subjects and predicates, then go on to the next slide.

QUIZ When does a subject- verb agreement happen? -Normal order of the subject and verb is disturbed. What is the subject? -Person, place, thing, or idea that’s doing/ being something. How many languages with arguments have subjects? -ALL What is the purpose of the predicate? -To modify the subject The linking verb contains the _____ and ______ - Subject and predicate What is the predicate adjective? -Adjective that functions as the predicate Define stage level subject: -Temporary stage of the subject Where are the simple subject and predicate found? -The actual subject and predicate Define subject verb agreement: -Singular verbs require singular subjects and plural subjects require plural verbs The predicate is the _______ of the sentence. -Completer/finisher/etc.

Bibliography "Subject and Predicate." BrainPOP. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Aug. 2013. <http://www.brainpop.com//english/grammar/subjectandpredicate/>. "Sentence Subjects." Sentence Subjects. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Aug. 2013. <http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/subjects.htm>. Predicates, Objects, Complements." Predicates, Objects, Complements. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Aug. 2013. <http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/objects.htm>. "Predicate (grammar)." - Ask.com Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Aug. 2013. <http://www.ask.com/wiki/Predicate_(grammar)>. "Subject (grammar)." - Ask.com Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Aug. 2013. <http://www.ask.com/wiki/Subject_(grammar)>.